The Impressionist Timeline

The Impressionist Timeline is compiled from many sources on Impressionism that I've encountered while researching and collecting books on Impressionism. There are some discrepancies in dates and events with some events repeated followed by (???). This is due to sources having two different dates for a single event. I've put both dates here until I can verify which date is the correct date. This list will grow as I discover more events in future books I read. Enjoy!

1830

(July 10 or 20???) Jacob Abraham Camille Pissarro born in Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas, Danish West Indies. Frederic (father) Rachel Pomie-Manzana (mother).

1832

(January 23 or 29???) Edouard Manet is born at 5 rue des Petits-Augustins in Paris, France. Son of the Chief of Staff at the Ministry of Justice.

1834

(July 19) Hilaire Germain Edgar De Gas born at 8 rue Saint-Georges, Paris, France. Eldest son of banker Auguste de Gas (1807-74) and French Creole (New Orleans) Marie Celestine Musson (1815-47)

1839

(January 19) Paul Cézanne is born in Aix-en-Provence, France.
(October 30) Alfred Sisley is born in Paris, France. His father was a British art dealer in Paris.
Manet attends school of Canon Poiloup as day-boy.

1840

(November 14) Oscar-Claude Monet born in rue Laffitte, Paris, France.

1841

(January 14) Berthe Morisot is born in Bourges, France. Her father was an official at the Cour des Comptes.
(February 25) Pierre-August Renoir born in Limoges, France.
(December 6) Jean Frederic Bazille is born in Montpelier in the south of France. His father was a rich landowner and wine grower as well as a notable of the city of Montpelier.
Armand Guillaumin is born in Paris, France into a working class family that recently emigrated from Moulins in Bourbonnais.

1842

Pissarro sent to Pension Savary boarding school in Passy, a Paris suburb (1842-47).

1844

(May 22) Mary Cassatt born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania. Fourth surviving child of Mr. And Mrs. Robert Simpson Cassatt.
Manet enters College Rollin. Meets schoolmate and life-long friend Antonin Proust.
Renoir family moves to Paris.

1845

(October) Degas attends Lycee Louis-le-Grand, Paris. Taught drawing by Leon Cogniet. Meets schoolmate and lifelong friend Henri Rouart.
Monet's family moves to Le Havre where his father works in the wholesale grocery business of his more successful brother-in-law, Jacques Lecadre, a ship chandler and grocer with a weekend house in the beach-resort suburb of Saint-Adresse.

1846

(January) Cassatt's brother born but dies one month later.

1847

(September 5) Degas mother dies.
Father begins taking Degas to museums and supports his gift of drawing.
Pissarro, after boarding school, returns to family in Charlotte Amalie to work in the family business.

1848

(June 7) Paul Gauguin born in Paris, France.
Manet fails the entrance examination to Naval college.
Manet travels as an apprentice-cadet to Rio de Janeiro on training steamer, Le Havre et Guadeloupe, and stays there for two years.
Gustave Caillebotte is born into a rich family in the textile industry, then in real estate.

1849

(July) Manet is finally rejected from the Navy (see 1850).
Manet meets future wife, Suzzanne Leenhoff, in Paris.
Cassatt family moves to Philadelphia.
Pissarro meets Fritz Melbye, a Danish marine artist, and is persuaded to begin a career as an artist.

1850

Manet fails to get a place in the Ecole Navale (see 1849???).
Manet enrolls in fine art school and attends courses in the workshop of Thomas Couture.
Manet registers to make copies at the Louvre.

1851

Cassatt family moves to Paris.
Monet begins attending public school where he learns drawing from Francois-Charles Ochard. Attends until 1856 or 1857.
Susan Leenhoff's son, Leon-Edouard, is born (is this Manet's son???) (see 1852???).

1852

Degas converts one room of his father's apartment into a studio.
Pissarro accompanies Melbye to Venezuela.
Cezanne enters Collège Bourbon in Aix where he meets Zola.
Manet's son, Leon is born. His mother is Suzanne Leenhoff, the piano teacher in the Manet household. (see 1851???).

1853

(March 23) Degas graduates from Lycee Louis-le-Grand.
(March 30) Vincent Van Gogh born in Groot-Zundert, near Antwerp.
(April 7) Degas registers as a copyist at the Louvre and Bibliothéque Impériale as a pupil of Felix Barrias.
(September) Manet takes first trip to Italy with his brother, Eugene, and visits Venice, Florence and Rome.
(November) Enrolls as a student of law.
Degas copies pictures at the Cabinet des Estampes.
Cassatt family moves to Heidelberg, Germany and later Darmstadt so eldest son, Alexander, could study technical engineering.
Manet travels to Dresden, Prague, Vienna, and Munich.
Degas enrolls in the studio of Louis Lamothe, an ex-pupil of Ingres (see 1854 and 1855???).

1854

Degas become a pupil of Louis Lamothe (??? see 1855).
Renoir is apprenticed, by his father, for four years as a porcelain painter in a factory. Also works painting fans, murals and as a decorator for a blinds manufacturer. Studies drawing with the sculptor Callouette. Renior attends evening drawing classes. Visits Louvre during lunches, particularly interested in 18th century artists Antoine Watteau, François Boucher, and Jean Honoré Fragonard.

1855

(April 6) Degas enrolls in the Ecole Des Beaux-Arts as a pupil of Louis Lamothe, a follower of Ingres and Flandrin. While there, he meets Tourny, Bonnat, Elie Delaunay, Fantin-Latour, and Ricard.
(May) Cassatt's brother, Robert, dies.
Degas meets and is advised by Ingres for the first time.
(July - September) Degas tours the Rhone valley to include Lyons, Arles, Avignon, Sete, and Montpellier.
Cassatt family returns to America, stopping in Paris to see the Exposition Universelle.
(c. October 15) Pissarro leaves family business and arrives in Paris.
Pissarro visits the Exposition Universelle where he is impressed by the works of Corot, Delacroix, and Courbet.
Pissarro enrolls in Ecole Des Beaux-arts and works in Anton Melbye's studio.
Manet visits Delacroix at this studio in Notre Dame.
World's Fair held in Paris.

1856

(July) Degas arrives in Naples to stay with relatives.
(October 1856 - July 1857 or 1858???) Degas studies in Rome by sitting in on life drawing classes at the French School, the Villa Medici under the guidance of Victor Sanchez. Also visits Florence (see 1857???).
Monet becomes locally popular for his caricatures that are exhibited in the window of an art supply shop. Eugene Boudin shows landscapes in the same window and persuades Monet to work out-of-doors with him and try pastels and oils. (??? could be 1857 or 1858)
Degas establishes close contacts with Gustave Moreau, Eilie Dulaunay, and Leon Bonnat.
Manet leaves Couture's studio to set up his own on rue Lavoisier. Visits the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.
Pissarro meets friends in Paris artworld. Meets Corot.

1857

(January 28) Monet's mother, Louise Monet, dies.
Degas visits relatives in Naples, Italy and studies in Rome (see 1856???).
(Summer) Pissarro recieves a generous allowance and entire Pissarro family has a holiday at Montmorency. Pissarro follows Corot's advice to paint from nature in Montmorency.
Monet joins Eugene Boudin painting outdoors (see 1856).
Manet meets Fantin-Latour at the Louvre. Travels to Italy for second time and Germany.
Sisley goes to London to prepare for a career in business.
Guillaumin begins working in his uncle's store while attending drawing classes at night.

1858

(July) Degas again travels to Italy via Viterbo, Orvieto, Perugia, Assisi, and Arezzo to Florence. Studies in Florence.
(August 1858 - Spring 1859) Degas stays in Florence with his Aunt Laure and her husband, Baron Bellelli. Creates first studies for the portrait of the Bellelli family.
(August - September) Monet makes his debut at a municipally sponsored art exhibition in Le Havre with a landscape in oils.
(September 30) Monet's uncle, Jacques Lecadre dies, Monet's aunt Sophie oversees his adolescence.
Pissarro's firstsubmission to the Salon, "Picnic at Montmorency" is accepted.
Cassatt family moves to Philadelphia after two years living in West Chester, Pennsylvania.
Pissarro frequents the Swiss Academy and meets Monet. (??? see 1859) He also recieves a monthly allowance from his parents.
Manet meets Charles Baudelaire.
Cezanne studies at the drawing academy in Aix.
Monet paints on Normandy coast with Eugene Boudin.

1859

(May) Monet travels to Paris and rather than enroll in the studio of Thomas Couture as his family wishes, he enters the Swiss Academy, where without formal guidance, students study from life models. Here he meets Pissarro (??? see 1858). He visits the Salon and is impressed with works by Troyon, whose advice he seeks. He frequents the Brasserie Des Martyrs, a meeting place for realist artists and writers. Eugene Boudin's pastel studies of skies are praised in a review by Charles Bauldaire - whether this had any impact on Monet is unknown. Consults the artist Troyon about his future.
(December 2) Georges Pierre Seurat born in 60 rue de Bondy - Paris, France. The third child of Antoine Seurat, a former court officer of the Tribunal of the Siene at La Villette.
Manet's first submission to the Salon, "The Absinthe Drinker" is rejected, in spite of receiving favorable praise from Eugene Delacroix. Thomas Couture, Manet's former teacher condemned it saying: "...does anyone paint something so ugly? My poor friend, there is only one absinthe drinker here, and this is the painter who produced this insanity..." Manet moves to a new studio on rue de la Victoire.
Degas travels via Pisa, Genoa, and Turin to Paris. Impressed by Delacroix at the Salon.
Manet registers to paint at the Louvre where he meets Degas (??? see 1862).
Pissarro works at a "free" atelier and at the Swiss Academy. Meets Monet (1860???).
Cezanne studies law at university in Aix.

1860

Degas revisits Florence and Naples. Under the influence of Ingres and the Italian masters, he is drawn to historical painting and soon produces several pictures on legendary and mythological themes.
Large scale exhibition of "Modern Painting" in Paris showing works by Delacroix, Corot, Courbet, Millet, and others.
Monet meets Pissarro (??? see 1858 and 1859) and Courbet.
Pissarro meets Julie Vellay, his future wife.
Monet hopes to make money as a newspaper caricaturist, but only one of his drawings is published.
Pissarro develops a close friendship with Ludovic Piette from Montfoucault (Mayenne).
Manet moves with Suzanne and Leon to an apartment on rue de l'Hotel de Ville in the Batignolles quarter. Establishes a studio nearby on rue de Douai.
Renior and Morisot register to copy at the Louvre.
Guillaumin works on the Paris-Orleans railway line and begins attending classes at the Academy Charles Suisse, where he meets Cezanne and Pissarro (1861???).
Monet meets Pissarro and Courbet.

1861

(March) Monet is selected by lottery for military service.
(Spring) Monet paints "Corner of a Studio".
(April) Pissarro registers to copy in the Louvre. Attends Swiss Academy and meets Armand Guillaumin and Paul Cezanne.
(April) Cezanne enrolls in the Swiss Academy and meets Pissarro (1860???).
(June) Monet joins his regiment, the Chasseurs d' Afrique, in Algeria.
(September) Cezanne returns to Aix and works in his father's bank.
(Fall) Cassatt enrolls in the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. Attends classes for four years.
Manet's "Portrait of M. and Mme. Manet" and "The Spanish Singer" are accepted and shown at the Salon. "The Spanish Singer" receives an honorable mention.
Manet exhibits "The Nymph Surprised" at the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg.
Manet establishes a studio at 81 rue Guyot.
Renior enters the studio of Charles Gleyre at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts.
Morisot, with her sister, study with Corot at Ville d'Avray.
Monet meets Guillaumin and Cezanne (???).

1862

(Summer) Monet, after contracting typhiod, is given six months convalescence leave in Le Havre after falling sick.
(October-November) Monet's Aunt Sophie pays for his release from the five remaining years of military obligation. Monet returns to Paris.
(November) Bazille travels to Paris to continue studies in medicine and spends most of his time at the School of Fine Arts painting in the studio of Charles Glyre. Here he meets Renior, Monet, and Sisley.
Monet meets Jongkind at Sainte-Adresse and accompanies him on painting expeditions.
Manet's father dies and Manet comes into a family inheritance.
Manet meets Victorine Meurent. Paints "Music in the Tuileries".
Degas meets Manet while copying at the Louvre and become friends (??? see 1859). Creates first pictures of jockeys and race scenes from Longchamp.
Seurat family moves to new apartment 110 boulevard Magenta.
Cezanne fails the Ecole Des Beaux-arts exam.
Monet paints in Le Havre (??? was he really sick?). Meets landscape painter Johan-Barthold Jongkind.
Sisley enrolls in the School of Fine Arts in the workshop of Charles Gleyre.
Monet returns to Paris to enroll for formal art instruction under the Swiss painter, Charles Gleyre. Meets Bazille, Renior, and Sisley there (??? see 1863).
Manet exhibits several etchings with the Societe des Aquafortistes of which he is a founding member.
Manet makes studies outdoors at Tuileries Gardens. Paints Camprubi troupe of Spanish dancers appearing at the Hippodrome. Victorine Meurent begins to pose for him.
Manet frequents the Cafe Tortoni.
Renior meets Pissarro and Cezanne. Returns to Paris.
Renior meets Diaz, Courbet, Corot, and Daubigny while painting in the forest of Fontainebleau.
Renior has enough money to attend the School of Fine Arts where he meets Sisley, Bazille, and Monet.

Early 1860's?

Degas befriends Fantin-Latour, a painter specializing in floral paintings, and American painter, James Whistler.

1863

(January 15) Salon des Refuses opens. Contains works by Manet, Cezanne, Pissarro, Guillaumin, and James A. M. Whistler.
(February) Pissarro's son, Lucien is born in Paris.
(Early Spring) Monet attends Gleyer's studio class, meets Bazille, Renior, and Sisley in Charles Gleyre's studio class (??? see 1862. Did he enroll in 1862 and finally attend in 1863?).
(April) Monet, Bazille, Sisley, and Renior travel to Chailly-en-Briere and paint in the Fontainebleau Forest during Easter school holiday. Monet stays until May after Bazille returns to Paris.
(April) Manet's "Dejeunner sur l'Herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)" is rejected by the Salon. It is exhibited at the Salon des Refuses, where it causes a great scandal.
(June - October) Bazille visits family in Monpelier during summer when Gleyre's studio is closed.
(August) Eugene Delacroix dies. Manet attends funeral.
(Summer) Monet visits his family in LeHavre and Saint-Adresse when Gleyre closes his studio for the summer holiday.
(Fall) Monet return to studio in Paris.
(October) Bazille writes to family that he is painting more than ever and that he would like to rent a studio space. He assures family that his medical studies will not suffer.
Manet exhibits 14 paintings, including "Music in Tuileries Gardens", at Martinet's gallery in Paris.
Pissarro, Jongkind, Guillaumin, Whistler, Fantin-Latour, and Cezanne exhibit at the Salon des Refuses.
Manet marries Suzanne Leenhoff in Holland.
Cezanne studies at the Academie Suisse in Paris.
Monet discovers Manet's work (where?).
Morisot works in Pontoise.
Cezanne and Zola visit Pissarro's studio. Pissarro makes his first prints as a member of the Society of Aquafortistes.

1864

(January) Bazille rents an artist studio at 115, rue de Vaugirard with Louis-Emile Villa, a friend from Gleyre's studio class.
(April) Monet returns to Chailly-en-Briere to paint in Fountainbleau Forest for Easter school holiday.
(May - June) Monet stays in Honfleur and Le Havre with Boudin, Bazille, and Jongkind. They visit Saint-Simeon, an inn frequented by landscape painters of Boudin's and Jongkind's generation.
(March) Bazille, upon his return to Paris, recieves word that he failed the exam for medicine.
Monet returns to paint at Chailly for the Easter holiday.
(July) Cezanne rejected by the Salon. Returns to Aix.
(June - July) Monet and Bazille travel by steamboat on the Seine to visit Monet's family in Saint-Adresse. They stay in Honfleur and work at the farm in Saint-Simeon. Before his departure in the fall, Monet paints "Seaside at Saint-Adresse" and "The Headland of the Heve, Saint-Adreese".
(August - November) Bazille visits family in Montpelier and obtains permission from his father not to continue medical school and to devote himself to painting.
(October) Monet submits a still life to an exhibition in Rouen. M. Gauibert, a Le Havre shipowner who supported Boudin, becomes his first patron.
(October) Monet 's family suspends financial support. He sends three studies to Bazille in Montpelier to sell to collectors there.
(December) Back in Paris, Bazille and Monet sign a lease for a studio at 6, rue de Furstenberg, in the same building that Eugene Delacroix's was. Monet's studies did not sell in Montpelier and Bazille as his father to forward them to Paris. Monet is helped financially by Bazille.
Manet exhibits "Episode From a Bullfight" and "Dead Christ with Angels" at the Salon.
Pissarro exhibits 2 landscape paintings as "Pupil of Corot" at the Salon.
Pissarro works at La Varenne-Saint-Hilaire. Around Paris.
Renior exhibits "La Esmeralda" at the Salon, but subsequently destroys it.
Monet, Renior, Bazille, and Sisley leave the School of Fine Arts when Charles Gleyre ceases to teach there.
Manet moves to an apartment at 34, boulevard des Batignolles.
Manet begins painting scenes at the racecourse.

1865

(January - March) Bazille paints "Studio in the rue de Ferstenberg".
(April) Monet travels to Chailly where Camille Doncieux (Monet's mistress) and Bazille pose for Monet's painting "Le Dejeuner sur l'herbe (The Luncheon on the Grass) for the 1866 Salon. He never finishes it.
(May) Monet (2 landscapes) "Headland of the Heve at Low Tide", Pissarro (2 landscapes), Degas exhibits "Medieval War Scene - The Misfortunes of the City of Orleans" at the Salon. (??? see 1866), and Morisot exhibit at the Salon. Monet travels to Paris briefly for the Salon.
(May) Manet exhibits "Olympia" and "Jesus Mocked by the Soldiers" at the Salon, in which "Olympia" causes an uproar.
(May) Bazille briefly visits Monet at Chailly and travels back to Paris studio to work on "The Beach at Saint-Adresses" and Saint-Sauveur" for his uncle's home in Montpelier.
(Summer) Morisot travels to Normandy to paint (yearly from 1864 - 1874).
(Summer) Monet returns to Chailly to paint several landscape sketches for "Luncheon on the Grass" . Also creates "The Bodmer Oak" and "The Strollers".
(August) Manet travels to Spain but only stays ten days. Meets Theodore Duret there.
(August) Bazille completes "The Beach at Saint-Adresses" and Saint-Sauveur" for his uncle and rejoins Monet at Chailly. Bazille also paints Monet while on convalescence in "The Improvised Field Hospital".
(September - October) Bazille visits family in Montpelier (Is this when he delivered paintings to his uncle?).
(Autumn) Monet stays in Trouville.
October) Monet and Bazille return to Paris studio. Monet begins a full-scale version of "Luncheon on the Grass".
(Winter??? see above) Monet returns to Paris after a trip to Trouville, where he meets American painter, James Whistler.
Manet exhibits 9 paintings at Martinet's gallery and is well-received.
Manet shares his studio with Frederic Bazille (Do they mean Monet?).
Manet introduces Degas to other soon-to-be Impressionists, Emile Zola, and Edmond Duranty at the Cafe Guerbois, near Place Clichy.
Seurat introduced to art by his uncle Paul Haumonte-Faivre, who took him on Sunday painting trips. (1865-1874???)
Pissarro's father, Frederic, dies. Julie-Rachel, his daughter is born. He sees much of Oller, a Puerto Rican painter, and Cezanne; he sells few paintings.
Cezanne is rejected by the Salon. Works at the Swiss Academy then returns to Aix in fall.
Renior and Sisley work together at Chailly-en-Bière and Marlotte in the forest of Fontainebleau.
Pissarro's daughter, Jeanne (Minette), is born.

1866

(January - March) Monet and Bazille are forced to leave their studio in the rue de Furstenberg. Bazille moves into a studio in the rue Godot-de-Mauroy. Monet moves into a new studio on rue Pigalle. He temporarily abandons "Luncheon on the Grass" which cannot be completed by the Salon entry deadline and quickly paints "Woman in the Green Dress (Camille)" or "Camille ou La Robe Verte" to submit along with a Chailly landscape "The Chailly Road". "Green Dress" is a huge success. Monet meets Manet. Encouraged by Salon success, Monet rents a house at Sevres near Ville d' Avary, where Camille models outdoors for "Women in the Garden".
(June) Sisley marries Eugènie Lescouezec.
(July) Bazille moves into a studio at 20, rue Visconti. Renior moves in later and shares the rent.
Degas exhibits "Steeplechase Scene" and "War-Scene from the Middle Ages" at the Salon. (??? see 1865).
(Summer) Cassatt moves to Paris to study art, briefly taught by Charles Chaplin. Begins independent study at museums and sketching trips in the country.
(August) Monet is forced to leave Sevres to escape creditors, goes to Honfleur, where he finds Courbet and Boudin. Begins a large seascape ("Terrace at Meric"?) for forthcoming Salon. Spends winter 1866 and 1867 there.
(November) Bazille returns to Paris.
Pissarro meets Manet. Attends Zola's "Thursdays", the Cafe Guerbois (11 Grande rue des Batignolles) (??? see 1869), and Bazille's studio with Monet, Renoir, Sisley, and others.
Renior is rejected by the Salon jury in spite of intervention of Corot and Daubigny who have become members of the jury.
Renior and Sisley paint together in the forest of Fontainebleau.
Sisley exhibits at the Salon.
Manet's "The Fifer" and "The Tragic Actor" are rejected by the Salon. He exhibits them in his studio.
Manet meets Cezanne, Zola, and Monet.
Bazille submits two works to the Salon, "Girl at the Piano" and "Still Life with Fish", the latter being accepted. Thereafter he will be admitted regularly.
Degas meets Renior and Monet.
Degas, Monet, Sisley, and Bazille exhibit at the Salon.
The Barbizon painter, Charles-Francois Daubigny is elected to the Salon jury and is able to get Bazille, Monet, Pissarro, Renior, and Sisley into the Salon.
Pissarro show one painting at the Salon. Has a rift with Corot, but retains good relations with Daubigny. Meets frequently at Bazille's studio with Monet, Renior, and Sisley.
Zola writes an article in L'Evenement in defense of Manet.
Manet moves to live with Mme Manet at 49 rue de Saint-Petersbourg.

1867

(February - May) Bazille allows penniless Monet to stay at his rue Visconti studio where Renoir has also taken refuge. Monet's works are refused by the Salon. "Woman in the Garden" is exhibited in the window of an art supply store owned by Latouche. Bazille decides to buy the work, paying Monet in monthly payments. Monet and Renoir paints views of Paris.
(March) Monet's "Women in the Garden" and "Terrace of Meric" are rejected by the Salon.
(Spring?) Cezanne is rejected by the Salon.
(March) Bazille sends a petition to the Superintendent of Fine Arts that is signed by Cezanne, Monet, Pissarro, Renior, Sisley, and others demanding an exhibition of rejected works (Salon des Refuses).
(May) Cezanne travels to Aix.
(May) Bazille buys "Women in the Garden" from Monet on the agreement that he make payments of 50 francs a month. He takes the painting to Montpellier.
(Summer) Manet stays at Boulogne and Trouville.
(June) Monet, in order to save money, goes to live with his aunt in Sainte-Adresse, leaving Camille, who is pregnant, in Paris.
(July) Monet asks Bazille for advanced payments for "Women in the Garden" so that he can send the money to Camille in Paris. A doctor advises Monet to stop painting outdoors because of vision problems.
(August 8) Monet's first son, Jean, is born in Paris, while Monet tries to save money by staying most of the year with his aunt in Saint-Adresse.
(October-November) Bazille travels to Bordeaux to visit his friend Edmond Maitre and then returns to Paris.
(December) Cezanne travels to Paris.
(Winter) Monet stays in Le Havre.
Paris World's Fair. Manet builds his own pavilion and exhibits 50 paintings. Independent exhibitions of Manet and Courbet.
Degas exhibits "Bellelli Family Portrait" and another family portrait at the Salon.
Birth of Bonnard.
Manet and Courbet hold a major exhibition at their own expense in special pavilions outside the grounds of the Universal Exposition. Zola reprints a biography of Manet as a pamphlet.
Zola publishes a 23 page defence of Manet in L'Artiste; Revue du XIX Siecle.
Manet paints first version of "The Execution of Emperor Maximilian. Forbidden to show it (see 1869???)
Pissarro, Monet, Renior, and Cezanne are rejected at the Salon.
Monet is rejected by the Salon and discusses with Bazille the possibility of organizing exhibitions independent of the Salon. Bazille's suggestion.
Renior's "Diane Chasseresse" is rejected by the Salon.
Monet paints "The Terrace at Saint-Adresse" (Is this the same as "Terrace of Meric" mentioned in 1866?).
Baudelaire dies.
Manet spends summer at Boulogne and Trouville (see 1868???).

1868

(January-February) Bazille and Renior move to a new studio in the rue La Condamine, near the Cafe Guerbois, where Renior meets Degas, Duret, Zola, Burty, Silvestre.
(Spring) Only one of Monet's two large paintings of the port of Le Havre is accepted by the Salon ("Ships Leaving the Wharves of Le Havre").
(Spring) Monet and family take a room in the village of Bennecourt on the Seine river, then at Fecamp, but money runs out.
(Spring?) Cezanne is rejected by the Salon (??? see 1867).
(Spring) Bazille's "Family Gathering" is accepted by the Salon.
(April) Bazille is named godfather to Monet's son, Jean Monet.
(May) Cezanne travels to Aix (??? see 1867).
Monet encounters Courbet and Alexandre Dumas in Le Havre.
(May) Exhibits "Mademoiselle Fiocre in the Ballet 'La Source'" and "The Orchestra at the Paris Opera" at the Salon.
(May - November) Bazille paints in Montpellier and at Meric. He paints "Fisherman Casting a Net" and "View of a Village".
(June) Monet and family are forced to leave the inn they are staying at in Bennecourt.
(July - October) Monet exhibits five paintings in the International Maritime Exhibition in Le Havre. He wins a silver medal, but his works are seized by creditors. Monet write to Bazille that he attempted suicide. Mr. Gaudibert gives Monet a pension.
(Summer) Manet stays in Boulogne-sur-Mer.
(August) Monet and family move to a hotel in Fecamp and soon after, rent a small furnished house there.
(September - October) Monet travels to Le Havre and Montivilliers to paint a portrait of Gaudibert's wife.
(October) Monet and family move to Etretat.
(November) Bazille returns to Paris.
(December) Monet, returning from Le Havre, joins Camille at Etretat (see below???). He asks that Bazille send him several of his old canvases, both to sell and to paint over, as he is unable to afford new ones. Monet joins Camille at Gloton for the holidays.
Degas re-registers to copy at the Louvre, sponsored by Emile Levy.
Cassatt's brother Alexander marries Lois Buchanan, niece of the American President.
Manet is introduced to Berthe and Edma Morisot by Fantin-Latour at the Louvre. Berthe poses for Manet's "The Balcony".
Manet paints "The Balcony" and a portrait of Emile Zola (??? see below).
Manet exhibits "Young Lady in 1866" and "Portrait of Zola" at the Salon.
Renoir and Monet work at Bougival together (??? see 1869).
Pissarro meets Pere Martin, an art dealer who takes an interest in his work. Pissarro sells little and has to resort to painting blinds and shop signs with Guillaumin for extra money.
Pissarro had two views of Pontoise accepted by the Salon.
Pissarro moves with family to Louveciennes (1868-69).
Sisley exhibits landscape at the Salon. He and his wife pose for Renoir in April at Chailly.
Renior's "Lise With a Parasol" is accepted by the Salon.
Morisot exhibits one painting at the Salon. Begins friendship with Puvis de Chavannes and Degas.
Guillaumin, since he could not live from his paintings, begins working at night in the Highways Department in order paint during the day. He will do this for the rest of his life.
Charles-Francois Daubigny is again elected to the Salon jury.

1869

(January) Monet's patron, Gaudibert, a collector in Le Havre, buys back several paintings that had been previously seized by creditors.
(January) Monet shows views of Paris in dealer, Latouche's, window.
(February) Monet returns from Etretat.
(February) Bazille receives praise for his "View of the Village" and "Fisherman Casting a Net" from his peers.
(March) Monet returns to Paris and uses Bazille's studio to finish his entries to the Salon.
(May) Monet's works are rejected by Salon. Latouche lets Monet show in his window, this time a scene of Sainte-Adresse. Severe financial difficulties.
(May) Bazille's "View of the Village" is accepted by the Salon, which receives positive criticism from Puvis de Chavannes and others on the Salon jury. Travels to Meric to work on "Summer Scene".
(June) Monet settles in Saint-Michel near Bougival and paints "The Seine at Bougival in the Evening". Begins working on scenes of the bathing resort La Grenouillere with Renior for next year's Salon.
(August) Monet is in dire financial need and begs Bazille for help.
(Summer) Manet stays in Boulogne and visits England.
(Summer) Degas works near Manet in Boulogne and at Etretat.
(Summer) Pissarro, Monet, and Renoir work together at Bougival.
Pissarro has two views of Pontiose accepted by the Salon.
Cafe Guerbois becomes the favorite center of the Impressionists. (??? see 1866)
Cezanne returns to Paris, spends most of the year there.
Seurat is introduced to painting by his uncle, Paul Haumonte'-Faivre.
Renoir has one work, "Summer", accepted by Salon.
Degas submits "Mme Camus at the Piano" and "Portrait of Mme Gaujelin" to the Salon. "Mme Gaujelin" is accepted, "Mme Camus" is rejected. (Another source says both were rejected.
Degas visits Brussels to sell paintings and negotiate a business deal with Authur Stevens. He declines a contract worth 12,000 francs per year.
(On or before May 2) Pissarro moves to 22 Route de Versailles, Louveciennes.
Sisley exhibits at the Salon (??? see below).
Sisley is rejected by the Salon (??? see above).
Alfred Stevens introduces Eva Gonzales to Manet, she becomes Manet's pupil and model. He shows "The Balcony" at the Salon, the final version of "The Execution of Emperor Maximilian" is banned by the government. Zola protests in the La Tribune, defending Manet's painting.
Morisot does not submit to the Salon. Her sister, Edma, marries Adolphe Pontillon, and stops painting.
Pissarro has one painting accepted by the Salon.
Manet has a duel with Duranty (see 1870???).

1870

(January) Bazille paints "Studio in the rue La Condamine". Manet paints Bazille into the picture (did this happen before or after Bazille's death?).
(March) Monet work "Lucheon (Interior)" is again refused at the Salon. Francois Daubigny and Camille Corot resign from the jury in protest.
(April 12) Degas sends an open letter to Salon jury with proposals on new hanging system.
(April) Bazille moves to the rue des Beaux-Arts.
(May) Bazille shows "Summer Scene" at the Salon.
(June 26 or 28 ???) Monet marries Camille, Courbet is witness. They summer at Hotel Tivoli in Trouville, where he paints on the beach with Boudin.
(July 7) Monet's aunt, Sophie Lecadre, dies.
(July 19) France declares war on Prussia. Beginning of Franco-Prussian War.
(September) Pissarro family leaves for Montfoucault, where baby Adele is born and dies. Family later moves to London.
(September) Unable to pay hotel bill and feeling no military obligation, Monet flees from the war to London, England. Leaves Camille and Jean in Trouville.
(September) Degas is called up (volunteers???) and serves in artillery unit manning a fortress near Paris under his school friend Henri Rouart. First time he begins to suffer with problems in his eyesight and discovers he is almost blind in his right eye.
(September) Manet volunteers for the National Guard.
(October) Renior is drafted into the cavalry, to train horses, and is posted to Tarbes, Libourne where he falls ill with dysentery, and then to Bordeaux.
(November 28) Frederic Bazille killed in war. Bazille voluntarily engaged, with enthusiasm, in the regiment of the Zouaves just before the war. He was killed while fighting at Beaune-la-Rolande (close to Orleans) at the age of 29.
(November) Manet closes his studio in Paris and joins the National Guard as a lieutenant. Sends his family to Oloron-Saint-Marie, in the Pyrenees.
(December 10) Monet's "Entrance to Trouville Harbor" is exhibited in Durand-Ruel's gallery in London.
While in London, Monet is introduced by Daubigny to Durand-Ruel, who is also fleeing the war and has opened a gallery on Bond street in London (see 1871???).
Cassatt family flees from Paris back to Philadelphia.
Degas portraits "Madame Camus in Red" and "Madame Yves Gobillard-Morisot" exhibited at Salon. This is the last time Degas will submit work to the Salon.
Fantin-Latour paints "The Studio at Batignolles".
Pissarro and his family flee Louveciennes, abandoning his studio, take refuge in Brittany and later arrive in London and stay in Upper Norwood at the beginning of December.
Manet exhibits "The Music Lesson" and "Portrait of Eva Gonzales" at the Salon.
Sisley exhibits two views of Paris at the Salon.
Cezanne takes up refuge with Hortense Fiquet in Provence and avoids the draft. He works in Aix and L'Estaque and is joined by Zola.
Renoir's "Woman of Algiers" and "Bather with a Griffon" are accepted at the Salon.
Morisot exhibits a portrait of her sister and view of port of Lorient at the Salon. She remains in Paris during the siege.
Pissarro has two views of Louveciennes accepted by the Salon.
Manet has a sword duel with art critic Edmond Duranty. Duranty is wounded in the chest, but the two made up the following day. This incident is legendary in the Montmartre area. (see 1869???).

1871

(January 17) Monet's father dies.
(January 28) Armistice between France and Germany.
(January) Monet and Pissarro meet up in London and through Daubigny, both are introduced to Durand-Ruel, also exiled in London (see 1870???). Both visit London museums and study the work of Turner, Constable, and Crome.
(March - May) Degas retreats from Paris to Menil-Hubert with the Valpincons during the Commune.
(Spring) Manet joins his family at Oloron-Saint-Marie, near Bordeaux, then moves to Arcachon.
(Summer) Manet stays at Boulogne.
(May) Durand-Ruel lends two paintings by Monet to the International Exhibition at the South Kennington Museum.
(May - June) Monet travels to Zaandam, Holland (the Netherlands???) to paint.
(June 14) Pissarro marries Julie Vellay at Croydon
Pissarro family returns to Louveciennes to discover his studio sacked with some 1,500 works (20 year's worth) missing.
(Fall/Winter) Cassatt family moves to Parma, Italy to study Corregio and Parmigianino. Mary Cassatt studies engraving at the Parma Academy.
(Autumn) Monet and Renior return to Paris.
(October) Degas visits London.
(November) Pissarro's second son, Georges, is born.
(November or December) Monet rents a house and settles in at Argenteuil on the Seine river.
Pissarro lives in Westow Hill, then at Upper Norwood, Surrey.
Monet and Pissarro both submit works to the Royal Academy and are rejected.
Commune take power in Paris and is defeated by Government after two months.
Manet is elected to the committee of the Paris Commune.
Sisley's father dies, after being financially ruined by the Commune, leaves Sisley without support. Sisley rents a house near Renior's parents, where Renior is currently staying. Renior and Sisley work together at this time.
Sisley meets Durand-Ruel in London.
Morisot, during the Commune, stays with her parents at St. Germaine-en-Laye and then with her sister at Cherbourg, before returning to Paris.
Pissarro shows two works at the First Annual International Exhibition.
La Nouvelle-Athenes replaces Cafe Guerbois as artists' meeting place.

1872

(May) Cassatt exhibits first painting at the Paris Salon under the name Mary Stevenson.
(August) Pissarro moves to Pontoise where he is joined by Guillaumin and Cezanne. Recommends Cezanne to one of his dealers, Pere Tanguy.
(Summer) Renior joins Monet in Argenteuil. Together they visit Gustave Caillebotte.
Degas begins visiting rehearsal rooms of the opera dancers in the Rue Le Pelletier. Degas creates first paintings of ballet dancers rehearsing.
(October - March 1873) Degas travels to New Orleans with brother Rene. Creates "Portraits in a Cotton Office" and "Woman with a Vase of Flowers".
Manet submits "The Battle of the Kearsage and the Alabama" at the Salon and sells paintings to Durand-Ruel for exhibition in London.
Cezanne's son, Paul, is born.
Cezanne moves to Auvers-sur-Oise (or Pontoise???) to better follow the instructions of his mentor, Pissarro.
Monet works in Rouen and Le Havre.
Monet travels to Holland to paint.
Monet exhibits works at the municipal exhibition in Rouen.
Durand-Ruel purchases 29 (or 24???) pictures from Manet.
Durand-Ruel begins buying dozens of paintings by Monet, some of which are exhibited in London.
Durand-Ruel meets Degas.
Monet buys a boat and converts it into a floating studio.
Pissarro, Monet, Degas, and Sisley decide not to submit work at the Salon.
Pissarro co-signs a petition with Cezanne and Renior for a new Salon des Refuses.
Morisot stays at St-Jean de Luz and travels to Spain visiting Toledo and Madrid.
Monet and Pissarro introduce Sisley to Durand-Ruel.
Sisley paints with Monet at Argenteuil, and at Bougival, Villeneuve-La-Garenne, Port-Marly.
Monet introduces Renior to Durand-Ruel who buys two of his paintings to be exhibited in London.
Renior submits two paintings to the Salon, both are rejected.
Renior, Cezanne, and Pissarro sign a petition for a new Salon des Refuses.
Durand-Ruel exhibits seven of Pissarro's works.
Manet travels to Holland - admires Hals and Jongkind
Manet moves studio to rue de Saint-Petersbourg.

1873

(Late 1872 - Early 1873) Degas works on "The Cotton Exchange" in New Orleans.
(March) Degas returns to Paris from New Orleans
(April) Monet, Pissarro, Renior, and Sisley begin to plan a society of independent artists to exhibit outside of the Salon. Was first suggested in 1867.
(April) Degas returns from New Orleans.
(May) Cassatt exhibits second painting at the Paris Salon.
(May) Manet exhibits "Le Bon Bock (A Good Glass of Beer)" which is well-received by the Salon. Also submits a portrait of Berthe Morisot in a painting called, "Repose".
(May) Cassatt exhibits second painting at the Paris Salon.
(Summer) Manet stays at Etaples.
(Summer) Morisot works at Maurecourt with her sister Edma.
(Summer - September) Manet travels, with his family, to the seaside at Berck-sur-Mer. Paints 11 works while there.
Manet meets Stephane Mallarme, a poet and literary supporter of the Impressionists.
Cassatt travels to Spain to visit the Prado, to Begium to see the works of Rubens, and to Holland to copy the works of Franz Hals. Settles permanently in Paris.
Cassatt meets Mrs. H.O. Havemeyer and convinces her to buy a Degas pastel, the first Impressionist work to enter America.
(December) Degas travels to Turin to nurse ailing father.
(December 27) Monet's circle of artists adopts a charter as the Societe Anonyme Cooperative d'Artists-Peintres, -Sculpteurs, -Graveurs (Limited Company of the Artist-Painters, and Sculptors).
Cezanne moves to Auvers where Dr. Gachet places a house at his disposal. Pissarro and Cezanne work together at Pontoise. Both join Guillaumin in etching encouraged by Dr. Gachet. Pissarro introduces Cezanne to Pere Tanguy.
Sisley works in Louveciennes, Marly, Bougival, and Pontoise.
Renior meets Durand-Ruel.
Caillebotte's father dies. He inherits his fortune and is financially independant for the rest of his life.
Morisot exhibits at the Salon for the last time.
(Spring ?) Morisot works at Fecamp.
Pissarro has close contact with Duret.
Monet, Renior, and Degas meet Caillebotte.

1874

(January 13) Favorable sales at Drouot Hotel for Impressionists. Pissarro receives 1,850 francs for his works.
(February 12) Edmond de Goncourt visits Degas studio.
(March - April 13 ???) First Impressionist Exhibition at the photographer Nadar's former studio at Blvd des Capucines. 31 total exhibitors. Monet subits 12 works. Degas 10. Pissarro 5. Morisot 9. Sisley 5 landscapes. Cezanne, backed by Pissarro, exhibits "A Modern Olympia" and two landscapes. Edmond de Goncourt visits exhibit and admires Degas work. Pissarro depressed by the poor results. Corot and Manet decline invitatioin to participate.
(April 6) Pissarro's daughter, Jeanne (Minette), dies.
(Spring) Monet is poverty-stricken.
(Summer) Sisley travels to work near Hampton Court, England in the company of Faure.
(Summer) Cezanne stays in Aix.
(Summer) Degas travels to Italy.
(Summer) Monet is evicted from his house in Argenteuil, with Manet's help he finds another in the same village. Monet, Manet, and Renior paint together at Argenteuil.
(Summer) Morisot spends part of summer with Manet family in Fecamp. Other part is spent with her sister, Edma, in Maurecourt.
(July 24) Pissarro third son, Felix (Titi), is born.
(August) Pissarro creates a group of 12 lithographs at Montfoucault.
(August) Manet, while in Gennevilliers, paints with Monet and Renior at Argenteuil.
(November) Cezanne stays in Auvers.
(December 22) Morisot marries Eugene Manet, Edouard's brother.
(December) After only a year, the Societe Anonyme dissolves from bankruptcy.
Manet declines insistant offers from Degas and Monet to exhibit at the First Impressionist Exhibition.
Manet's "Gare St-Lazare" is accepted by the Salon, but two other paintings are rejected. Mallarme write in defence of two rejected works.
Monet returns to Holland.
Cassatt exhibits third painting at the Paris Salon where Degas notices it.
Degas father dies. Degas financial situation becomes very weak having repaid his brother, Rene's, debts to family bank.
Economic crisis in France (or financial difficulty???) forces Durand-Ruel to suspend support to Impressionists.

1875

(February) Pissarro returns to Pontoise from Montfoucault and paints with Cezanne.
(March 24) Monet, Morisot, Renior, and Sisley and participate in an auction of Impressionist works at the Hotel Drouot, where police restrain a mocking public. Bids are low. Renior sells 20 paintings at auction. Morisot sells (comparatively) well at auction.
(March - April) Degas travels to Italy, visiting Naples (see 1876???), Florence, Pisa, and Genoa.
(Summer) Morisot stays at Gennevilliers and works in England on the Isle of Wight.
(Summer) Pissarro participates in a short-lived artists' co-op called L'Union.
(September???) Degas visits London.
(Autumn) Pissarro returns to Montfoucault.
Seurat attends drawing lessons at night school directed by sculptor, Jules Lequien. Meets Edmond Aman-Jean, who becomes his best friend.
Cassatt sends two pictures to the Paris Salon and one is rejected.
Corot dies.
Millet dies.
Camille Monet shows signs of illness.
Manet shows "The Seine at Argenteuil" at the Salon.
Manet travels to Venice with Tissott, paints canals.
Manet's illustrations are published in Mallarme's translation of Edgars Allan Poe's "The Raven".
Renior meets Victor Chocquet and publisher Georges Charpentier and widens his circle of patrons at the salons of Mme Charpentier.
(Between 1875 - 1877???) Degas paints "Dancer Curtseying" and "The Cafe Concert at the Ambassaduers".
Sisley lives in Marly-le-Roi until 1877.
Cezanne is introduced, by Renior, to the collector Victor Chocquet, whose portrait he paints.
Cezanne lives in Paris, Quai d'Anjou.
Degas sells his art collection to help pay family debts.

1876

(Spring) Cezanne works in L'Estaque.
(April 15 - May) Second Impressionist Exhibition at Durand-Ruel gallery at 11 rue Le Peletier. 20 participants. Monet and Renior invite Caillebotte to exhibit. Degas submits 24 works. Monet 18 works. Morisot 19. Pissarro 12. Renior 15. Sisley 8 landscapes. Cezanne does not exhibit - submits to the Salon instead and is rejected.
(April) Manet holds his own "open private exhibition" of two paintings rejected ("Boating" and "The Artist") by the Salon and other works in his studio. Among his visitors are Mallarme and Mery Laurent.
(April - May) Publication of Mallarme's poem "L'Apres-midi d'un Faune" with wood engavings by Manet.
(June - July) Degas visits Naples (see 1875???).
(Autumn) Pissarro stays in Montfoucault with family.
(Autumn) Cezanne returns to Paris.
(October) Manet paints "Portrait of Stephane Mallarme.
(December) Monet paints "Pond at Montgeron" and the "Hunt at Rottembourg" with Alice Hoschede in Rottembourg.
Cassatt sends two pictures (one of which is the same painting rejected the year before, but toned down this time) to the Salon, both are accepted.
Monet meets department store magnate and art speculator Ernest Hoschede and his wife Alice. Monet and Manet are invited as guests to their summer chateau at Rottenbourg. Hoschede commissions Monet to paint four large decorative works for his dining room there.
Caillebotte begins buying works from Monet.
Camille Monet becomes seriously ill possibly from an attempted abortion.
Monet meets collector Victor Chocquet through Cezanne.
Pissarro participates in "Wednesday Dinners" at the restaurant of Eugene Murer, a collector and pastry cook.
Manet's woodcut prints are published in Mallarme's "Prelude a l'apres-midi d'un faune".
Degas paints "Absinthe".
Renior paints "Girl With a Watering Can", "The Swing", and "Ball at the Moulin de la Galette".
Degas loses money in family business (see 1874???)
Monet starts the "Gare Saint-Lazare" series.
Monet meets American artist John Singer Sargent.
Pissarro divides his working time between Montfoucault and Pontiose.
Sisley works in Louveciennes.
Renior exhibits two paintings at the Societe des Amis des Arts, Pau.

1877

(January) Caillebotte rents a small studio for Monet near Gare Saint-Lazare train station, which Monet creates a series of 12 paintings.
(April 5 - May) Third Impressionist Exhibition at Durnad-Ruel's galley at 6 rue Le Peletier. 18 participants. Degas takes an active role in organizing. Degas submits 22 paintings plus drawings and monotypes. (other sources say 25 total???) works. Monet submits 30 works, among the 30 are 7 Gare Saint-Lazare works. Morisot 12 (19?). Pissarro 22 landscapes. Renior 21 paintings. Sisley 17 landscapes. Cezanne 16. Degas invited Mary Cassatt to join. Renior helps found the journal L'Impressioniste with Georges Riviere to accompany the show.
(April) Manet's "Nana" is rejected by the Salon. "Portrait of Faure in the Role of Hamlet" or "The Tragic Actor" is accepted.
(May 1) Manet's "Nana" is exhibited in the window of Giroux's, a shop on the boulevard des Capucines.
(May 28) Second Impressionist auction. Average price is 169 francs. Pissarro gains mediocre results. Eugene Murer tries to help Pissarro and Sisley by creating a lottery. Renior participates.
(August 20) Alice Hoschede gives birth to son, Jean-Pierre (Monet's son?).
(August 24) Ernest Hoschede declares backruptcy.
(Autumn) Sisley settles in Sevres.
(September) Degas stays in Menil-Hubert.
Cassatt is introduced to Degas who asks her to join the Impressionist group. Works on etchings with Degas and Pissarro.
Cassatt sends last painting to the Salon where it is rejected.
Degas begins painting racehorse scenes.
Gustave Courbet dies.
Cezanne works at Auvers and Issy.
Pissarro meets Paul Gauguin.
Pissarro and Cezanne work together at Pontiose.
Zola writes in praise of Monet's station paintings shown at the third Impressionist exhibition.

1878

(March 17) Monet's second son, Michel, is born.
(March 19) Seurat passes the entrance exam for the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and becomes a student of Henri Lehmann.
(April) Pissarro's friend, Ludovic Piette, dies.
(June 5-6) Auction of Hoschede art collection. Impressionist works are sold dirt-cheap. Renior sells 3.
(July) Manet is evicted from his studio at rue de Saint-Petersbourg for having held a public exhibition. Temporarily rents another studio at 70 rue d'Amsterdam.
(August) Monet family settles in a house at Vetheuil and is joined by the Hoschede family (Ernest, Alice, and 6 children).
(Autumn) Manet starts working on "In the Conservatory".
(November 6) Pissarro's fourth son, Ludovic-Rudolphe, is born.
Degas' "Portraits in a Cotton Office" purchased by Musee des Beaux-Arts, Pau and is Degas first work in a public collection.
Monet commutes to Paris to find buyers for his paintings, but cannot find enough even to cover expenses.
Pissarro rents a room in Montmartre to show paintings to collectors, begins to paint fans.
Berthe Morisot gives birth to her daughter, Julie Manet.
Pissarro meets Florentine critic Diego Martelli.
Camille Monet's health deteriorates.
Manet paints "Self-Portrait with Skullcap".
Daubigny dies.
Cezanne is rejected by the Salon.
Renior's "Cup of Chocolate" is exhibited at the Salon.
Duret publishes the article "Les Impressionnistes".
World's Fair in Paris.
Renior convinces Sisley to exhibit at the Salon.
Manet plans a private exhibition rather than exhibit at the World's Fair, but it never materializes.
Manet and his family move from 49 to 39 rue de Saint-Peterbourg.

1879

(February) Eva Gonzales, Manet's pupil and model, marries Henri Guerard.
(April 10 - May 11) Fourth Impressionist Exhibition at 28 avenue de l'Opera. 15 participants. Degas submits 25 works including "Miss Lala at the Cirque Fernando" and the portraits of Duranty and Diego Martelli. Monet 29 including works at Vetheuil and Lavacourt. Pissarro 38. Seurat visits exhibition. Gauguin is invited to exhibit by Pissarro. Exhibition is financially backed by Caillebotte. Renior declines to exhibit. Morisot does not exhibit.
(April) Manet sets up his final studio at 77 rue d'Amsterdam. Submits a plan
(April) Manet submits a plan to decorate the Municipal Council Hall in the new Hotel de Ville with paintings of contemporary Parisian scenes to the prefect of the Siene, but receives no reply.
(Spring) Manet meets Irish writer George Moore.
(May) Manet exhibits "Boating" and "In the Conservatory" at the Salon.
(Summer) Gauguin joins Pissarro to paint at Pontoise. Evenings spent at the Cafe de la Nouville Athenes with Zandomeneghi, Desboutin, Tivoli, de Nittis, Degas, Manet, andother Impressionists. Pissarro creates 11 etchings, printing in Degas studio.
(Summer) Collectors begin to suspect that Monet is working too fast, given his pressing need to make sales.
(Summer) Morisot stays in Beuzeval-Houlgate.
(June - July) Zola's article on contemporary art in Paris is translated and published in St. Petersburg, Russia in the magazine, "Viestnik Europi". The magazine "Le Figaro" reports a split between Manet and Emile Zola as a result of Zola's "Viestnik Europi" article.
(September) Manet falls ill with recurring trouble with his left leg, rests and takes spa treatments for six weeks at Bellevue. Meets singer Emilie Ambre and paints her portrait.
(September 5) Monet's wife, Camille, dies.
(November 8) Seurat enlists in the 119th Infantry Regiment in Brest for his one-year military service.
(December 1879 - January 1880) Manet's "Execution of Emperor Maximillian" is shown in New York and Boston in exhibitions organized by Emilie Ambre.
Degas introduced to friends such as Mary Cassatt (??? see 1877), Louis Forain, and Federigo Zandomeneghi.
Cassatt travels to Italy with her father.
Degas, Pissarro, Cassatt, and Felix Bracquemond collaborate on a book project entitled, "Le jour et la nuit", featuring their original prints (??? see 1877).
Seurat rents a studio as 32 rue de l'Arbalete, where he works with Aman-Jean and Ernest Laurent.
Renior has big success at the Salon exhibiting "Mme Carpentier and Her Children", "Portrait of Jeanne Samary", and two pastels.
Sisley submits to the Salon, but is rejected.
Sisley is evicted from one address in Sevres, but moves to another with the help of Georges Charpentier.
Renior has two solo shows in the building of Carpentier's journal "La Vie Moderne".
Cezanne is rejected by the Salon.
Cezanne returns from L'Estaque and settles in Melun.
Cezanne visits Zola at Medan, then returns to Paris.

1880

(December 1879 - January 1880) Manet's "Execution of Emperor Maximillian" is shown in New York and Boston in exhibitions organized by Emilie Ambre.
(January) Monet paints the dramatic ice floes and floods following the freezing and thawing of the Seine river.
(March) Like Renior, Monet decides to submit two paintings to the Salon rather than participate in the Fifth Impressionist Exhibition. Jury accepts one of Monet's, "Lavacourt" which is hung in an "out-of-the-way" place. This is the last time he exhibits at the Salon.
(April) Manet exhibits at the office gallery of "La Via Moderne". Included are "The Plum", "The Cafe Concert", "Corner of a Cafe-Concert", "and "Portrait of George Moore (pastel)".
(April - May) Fifth Impressionist Exhibition at 10 Rue des Pyramides. 18 participants. 118 works exhibited. Degas submits 8 works. Pissarro participates by submitting 11 paintings and a series of etchings. Renoir and Monet do not submit work. Degas works are praised by the novelist Huysmans. Degas invites the controversial Jean-Francois Raphaelli to participate.
(May) Manet's "Portrait of Antonin Proust" and "At Pere Lathuille's" are shown at the Salon.
(June 21) Monet exhibits 18 works at office gallery of "La Vie Moderne", an illustrated arts and society magazine owned by Renior's patron, George Charpentier, whose wife buys Monet's Salon painting as a present for her husband.
(Summer - Autumn) Manet and his family stay at Bellevue not far from Paris, where he had rented a house in the Rue des Gardes 41. He undergoes hydrotherapathy medical treatment for a painful back ailment. (see 1879???) He sends letters and watercolors to friends.
(August 5) Monet exhibits 3 works at the municipal exhibition in Le Havre.
(November) Seurat is discharged from military service and rents a studio at 19 rue de Charbol in Paris.
Cassatt urges family members to buy the Impressionists' works.
Seurat reads articles by David Sutter on "The Phenomena of Vision" and fills a notebook with sketches.
Sisley retires to Moret-sur-Loing (is this Veneux-Nadon???) (see 1882???). Signs a contract with Durand-Ruel.
Cezanne divides time between Melun, Paris, and Medan where he visits Zola (see 1879???)
Renior's "Mussel-Fishers at Bernval", "Young Girl Asleep", and two pastels are exhibited at the Salon.
Renior begins work on "Luncheon of the Boating Party" for which Aline Charigot poses.

1881

(February) Durand-Ruel begins to buy from the Impressionists again.
(March) Monet decides not to exhibit at the Salon or the Sixth Impressionists Exhibition. He travels to the Normandy coast, Dieppe, Fecamp, Pourville, Varangeville, and Etretat, with expenses forwarded by Durand-Ruel.
(Spring) Renior, with recent success, is able to leave Paris and travels south to Algeria.
(April-May) Sixth Impressionist Exhibition at 35 boulevard des Capucines. 13 participants. Degas submits 7 works, one of which is a sculpture "Little Dancer Aged Fourteen" (another source says 7 plus the sculpture???). Pissarro submits 11 landscapes. (another source said 28 works???). Morisot exhibits 7 paintings and pastels. Monet does not participate. Sisley does not participate. Renior does not participate. Caillebotte, opposed to Degas, does not participate.
(May) Manet exhibits "Portrait of M. Pertuiset the Lion Hunter" and "Portrait of Rochefort" at the Salon. Manet is awarded a second-class Legion of Honor award for the "Rochefort" portrait.
(June) Manet leaves Paris for Versailles to obtain medical treatment, rents a villa and stays with his family over the summer.
Morisot stays in Bougival.
(Summer) Seurat spends two months at Pontaubert, in Burgundy with Aman-Jean. Studies Delacroix methodically.
(Summer) Gauguin, Guillaumin, and Cezanne work with Pissarro at Pontoise.
(August) Monet returns to Normandy coast to paint.
(August 27) Pissarro's daughter, Jeanne (Cocotte), is born.
(Fall - Winter) Renior travels to Italy, visiting Naples, Venice, Rome, Calabria, Sorrento, and Capri. He discovers works by Raphael and the frescos of Pompei.
(Winter) Morisot stays in Nice.
(October) Manet returns to Paris.
(November) Anton Proust is appointed Minister of Fine Arts.
(December) Manet is elected Chevalier de la Legion d'honneur.
(December) Monet family moves to Poissy. Against her husband's wishes, Alice Hoschede and her children follow him there, leaving no doubt about her relationship with the painter.
State control of the Salon is abandoned.
Manet works on a project of four portraits of women forming an allegory of the four seasons (possibly a commission for Antonin Proust).
Sisley has a solo show of 14 paintings at "La Vie Moderne".
Renior exhibits two portraits at the Salon.

1882

(February) Collapse of Banque de l'Union General prevents Durand-Ruel from supporting the Impressionists.
(February) Durand-Ruel cuts his financial support after a major backer goes bankrupt.
(February Monet works in Dieppe and Pourville, then returns to Paris for Impressionist Exhibition.
(March 1) Seventh Impressionist Exhibition, organized by Durand-Ruel, at 251, rue Saint-Honore. 9 participants. Having difficulties with other Impressionists, Degas and Cassatt refuse to show works at seventh exhibition. Monet submits 35 works. Caillebotte submits 17, in spite of Pissarro's hostility and thanks to the support of Monet. Pissarro 36 paintings and gouaches. Sisley 27 landscapes. Although Renior declines to participate, Durand-Ruel submits 25 of Renior's works from his own holdings to the exhibition. Morisot exhibits 9 paintings and pastels.
(May) Manet's "A Bar at the Folies-Beregere" and "Spring: Jeanne" are accepted by the Salon.
(June - October) Monet returns to Pourville, accompanied by his family and Alice Hoschede's.
(July - October) Manet stays at Rueil. Health grows increasingly worse. Has great difficulty walking. Works on several landscape paintings.
(Summer) Renior visits Monet at Pourville.
(Summer) Morisot stays in Bougival.
(July) Degas stays with friends, the Halevys in Etretat.
(September) Sisley moves to Moret-sur-Loing (see 1880???).
(September) Degas travels to Geneva.
(October) Cezanne returns to Aix where he works at the Jas de Bouffan.
(December) Pissarro moves to Osny, near Pontoise.
Manet makes out will. Suzanne is sole heir with Leon as residual legatee. Theodore Duret is executor. Manet stipulate that his studio work should either be sold or destroyed.
Seurat begins a series of drawings with Conte Crayons. Begins "Stonebreakers".
Degas creates paintings and pastels of millners and laundresses.
Renoir exhibits 35 works at a group show.
Pissarro tries sculpture under Gauguin's direction.
Renior, on his way home from Italy, visits Cezanne and works at L'Estaque. He contract pneumonia and recuporates in Algeria.
Renior's portrait ___________ is accepted by the Salon.
Cezanne exhibits "Portrait of M.L.A." at the Salon as "Pupil of Guillemet".
Cezanne spends most of the year in Paris, but visits Zola in Medan.

1883

(January 25) Monet returns to the Channel coast, working mostly at Etretat.
(February 28) Monet exhibits first solo show at Durand-Ruel's gallery (9 boulevard de la Madeleine?). Part of a series that will include Renior (April), Pissarro (May), and Sisley (June). Degas refuses offer (why?).
(Spring) Monet creates still lifes to decorate doors for Durand-Ruel's private apartment.
(April) Degas refuses an offer from Durand-Ruel to have a solo show, but allows him to show 7 paintings at Dowdeswell and Dowdeswell in London.
Renior has solo show of 70 paintings at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(April) Manet writes to Francis Defeuille asking for lessons in miniature painting.
(April) Monet leases a new home in Giverny and will end up staying there for 43 years.
(April) Manet loses use of his legs and is bedridden.
(April 19) Manet's left leg is amputated. Operation is unsuccessful.
(April 30) Manet dies at age 51.
(May 3) Monet returns to Paris to be a pallbearer at Manet's funeral. Manet is buried in Passy Cemetery, Paris.
(May) Pissarro has first solo show at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(May - October) Cezanne stays in L'Estaque. Meets Renior and Monet in October.
(June) Sisley has solo show of 70 paintings at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(June - July) Gauguin visits Pissarro at Osny.
(Autumn) Renior travels to Jersey and Guersey.
(October) Sisley moves to Sablons.
(October - November) Pissarro visits Rouen to create first "series" paintings. Visited there by Monet.
(December) Monet and Renior travel from Marseilles to Genoa (L'Estaque) (the Riviera?) to visit Cezanne and explore Mediterrainean motifs.
Cassatt travels to Spain to visit her ill mother.
Degas exhibits in London.
Seurat submits two drawings to Salon. The jury accepted his portrait drawing of Aman-Jean, but refused a portrait drawing of his mother.
Durand-Ruel holds his first exhibition in the United States (Boston) that includes six works by Pissarro.
Impressionist exhibition in Berlin.
Huysmans publishes article "L'Moderne".
Renior has "Portrait of Mme Clapisson" accepted by the Salon.
Morisot organizes posthumous exhibition of Manet's work and to take place in January/February 1884.
Cezanne spends most of the year around Aix.

1884

(January) The book "Manet" is published by Bazire with reproductions of Manet work by H. Guerard.
(January 17 - April) Monet returns to Bordighera, just across the Italian border, to paint for 3 months with Renior.
(February) Auction of Manet's work arranged by his wife, Suzanne, at the Hotel Drouot.
(April) Cassatt family moves to 14 Rue Pierre Charron.
(April) Pissarro moves from Osny to Eragny-sur-Epte near Gisors. Paints watercolors which sell quickly.
(Summer) Morisot works in Bougival.
(August 8) Pissarro's youngest son, Paul-Emile, is born.
(August-October) Degas stays at Menil-Hubert to work on a bust of Paul Valpincon's daughter, Hortense.
(August) Monet stays in Etretat.
(7 November) Cassatt's sister Lydia dies.
(November 17) Monet is introduced to Mirbeau by Durand-Ruel, the thanks for the support in "La France, Monet gives him "The Custom Officers' Cabin".
Society of Independent Arists is founded, Pissarro does not participate since he is still committed to the Impressionists.
Pissarro's commitment to radical politics becomes more pronounced as he has been reading for the past year "Le Proletaire" (a Socialist newspaper), the work of Proudhon, Zola, and Flaubert. He becomes an admirer of the caricatures of Daumier and Charles Keene.
The Minister of Fine Arts authorizes a memorial exhibition to Manet to be held at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts (largely the work of Anton Proust). Included are 116 oil paintings, 31 pastels, 12 lithographs and etchings. Among the works are: "Boy Blowing Soap Bubbles", "Portrait of Theodore Duret", "Portrait of Nina Callias", "Masked Ball at the Opera", "Blue Venice", "Portrait of Stephen Mallarme", "Reading L'Illustre", and "Autumn - Mary Laurent". 13,000 people pay admission to see the exhibition.
Renior paints "The Large Bathers".
Sisley works along the Canal du Loing near Les Sablons.
Cezanne is rejected by the Salon in spite of intervention by Guillemet.
Cezanne spends most of the year working around Aix.
Monet works in Menton, then Etretat, and Giverny.
Monet and Renior try to convince Durand-Ruel, who is facing bankruptcy, to sell paintings at lower prices.
Renior conceives the idea of a new association of painters, the "Societe des irregularistes", whose aesthetic is to be based on irregularity.
Renior works in Paris and La Rochelle.
Morisot stays in Paris.
Seurat submits "Bathing at Asnieres" to the Salon, but it is rejected. After rejection, he exhibits the painting in a show prepared by the Group of Independent Artists on May 15.

1885

(Summer) Degas stays at Dieppe with Halevys, Jacques-Emile Blanche, Henri Gervex, meets Walter Sickert, and Paul Gauguin. Commissions work from photographer Barnes. Degas and Gauguin have several discussions about art.
(May 15) Monet exhibits 10 artworks in the Fourth Expositiion Internationale de la Peinture at the George Petit Gallery in Paris.
(June - July) Cezanne takes family to stay with the Renior's at Roche-Guyon. Paints with Renior.
(Summer) Seurat vacations in Grandcamp, in Calvados.
(August) Degas visits St. Malo, Mont St. Michel.
(Autumn) Monet, and family, return to Etretat and stay for three months in a house provided by Faure, the singer. Here he meets Maupassant.
(Autumn) Pissarro meets Paul Signac in Guillaumin's studio, and Seurat at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(October) Seurat begins applying Pointilism to "La Grande Jatte, begun the previous year.
Degas stays at Le Havre.
Degas eyesight worsens. Experiements with different media and concentrates on painting dancers and women bathing.
Pissarro adopts libertarian anarchist ideas.
Renior's first son, Pierre, is born.
Pissarro meets Theo van Gogh.
Sisley works at Les Salbons, St-Mammes, and in the forest of Fontainbleau. Suffering financially.
Cezanne works in L'Estaque, Aix, and Gardanne.
Cezanne visits Zola in Medan.
Renior works in Essoyes and Wargemont.
Seurat attends Monday gatherings of Naturalist writer, Robert Caze.

1886

(January) Degas visits Geneva, and Naples, Italy.
(February 6) Monet exhibits 10 works at the Salon of the XX in Brussels (?? see 1887 and 1888). Renior exhibits 8.
(February 19) Monet returns to Etretat.
(April) Durand-Ruel organizes a successful Impressionist exhibition "Impressionists of Paris" in America at the American Art Association in New York. Exhibition is extended through the summer. 49 works by Monet, 38 by Renior, 23 by Degas, Pissarro (did he exhibit?), Sisley, and 3 by Cassatt are included. Manet's works are included.
(April 27) Monet makes a short working trip to Holland.
(May 15 - June 15) Eighth and last Impressionists Exhibition at 1 rue Lafitte. 17 participants. Cassatt and Degas participate. Degas exhibits 15 works (a series of nude women bathing). Morisot 14. Monet, Renior, and Sisley withdraw submissions. Degas takes the word "Impressionists" out of the exhibit documentation since Monet, Renior, and Sisley withdrew their submissions. Pissarro participates where he insists that Seurat and Signac be included. Pissarro is grouped with the Neo-Impressionists - Seurat, Signac, and Lucien Pissarro. Pissarro 20 and other works. Georges Seurat exhibits "La Grande Jatte" which is a huge success.
(June) Morisot works in Jersey.
(June) Pissarro meets Vincent van Gogh through Vincent's brother, Theo. Also meets Octave Mirbeau.
(June 15) Monet exhibits 13 works at the George Petit gallery for the Fifth Universal Exposition. Renior exhibits 5.
(July - August) Seurat stays in Honfleur.
(September - November) Monet takes a trip to Belle-lle-en-Mer to work. Meets Gustave Geoffroy. Mirbeau visits him there.
(Fall) Seurat moves to a new studio at 128b Boulevard de Clichy.
(October) Cezanne's father dies, leaving him and inheritance.
Cezanne breaks off his friendship with Emile Zola following the publication of Zola's novel "L'Oeuvre", with the main character modeled partly on Monet, Manet, and Cezanne.
Degas stops using notebooks/sketchbooks.
Degas frequently visits the Paris Opera to see operas and ballets.
Monet visits London.
Georges Petit begins to sell Impressionists works.
Guillaumin marries his cousin, Marie-Joséphine Charreton, a school teacher who will support him financially.
Renior's new "classical style" paintings receive unfavorable reviews.
Cezanne marries Hortense Fiquet.
Cezanne's father dies and he gains a large inheritance.
Renior works in La Rouche-Guyon, in Britany, and at Essoyes.

1887

(February 2) Seurat attends opening of Salon of the XX in Brussels, where he exhibits "La Grande Jatte" and 6 seascapes (??? see 1886 and 1888). Morisot exhibits.
(March) Cassatt family moves to apartment at 10 Rue Marigan, off Champs Elysees.
(May 8) Monet exhibits "Belle-lle" paintings with great success at George Petit's gallery at the Sixth Universal Exposition. Pissarro exhibits. Sisley exhibits. Renior exhibits "Grandes Baigneuses" and five other paintings. Morisot exhibits.
(May 25) Durand-Ruel exhibits 12 of Monet's works, 10 by Renior, and 2 pastels by Degas at the Second Impressionist exhibition at the National Academy of Design in New York.
(July) Cassatt's brother, Alexander and family, arrive for a 15-month visit.
(November 25) With the help of Whistler, Monet exhibits 2 works at the exhibition of the Royal Society of British Artists in London.
Pissarro visits an exhibition organized by Vincent van Gogh at the Cafe Tambourin, Blvd de Clichy. Pissarro contacts Theo van Gogh, Vincent's brother and a manager of modern paintings for Boussod et Valadon.
Renior gets into a biking accident and suffers from rheumatoid arthritis. He is told to seek warmer climates as a remedy.
Pissarro meets Maximilien Luce.
Theo van Gogh, acting for Boussod et Valadon gallery, begins to buy work from Degas.
Degas visits Spain and Morocco.
Cezanne spends most of the year working in and around Aix.
Monet works at Giverny.
Renior divided as to send paintings to auction or to an exhibition in New York.
Morisot visits Mallarme at Valvins.
Formation of the Neo-Impressionist group with Paul Signac, Albert Dubois-Pillet, Charles Angrand, etc.

1888

(January - April) Monet paints at Antibes and Juan-les-Pins. Breaks business ties with Petit.
(January) Seurat exhibits in the offices of the Revue Independante, directed by Felix Feneon.
(January) Pissarro's etchings sell for good prices.
(March 22 - May 3) Salon des Independants. Seurat shows "The Models", and "Invitation to a Side-Show", and eight drawings.
(June) Monet has a solo exhibit of 10 Anitbes landscapes at Boussod and Valadon Gallery, directed by Theo van Gogh.
(June) Renior has great success at an international exhibition of Impressionist work organized by Durand-Ruel in New York. 38 paintings and pastels are presented.
Degas has an exhibition of at least 9 pastels of bathers at Boussod et Valadon gallery.
Monet visits London. Refuses the Legion of Honor.
(Summer) Cassatt breaks leg in a horse riding accident.
(August-September) Seurat stays at Port-en-Bressin.
(Autumn) Monet begins haystack series.
Pissarro contracts an eye infection which he will suffer for the rest of his life.
(December) Degas declines an offer from Octave Maus to exhibit in the Salon of the XX in Brussels opening (??? see 1887 and 1886).
Durand-Ruel does not include Pissarro's work in an exhibition because of pointillism.
Publication of William Thornley's lithographs after degas pictures.
Degas travels to Cauterets, near the Pyrenees, for a cure at the spa.
Degas becomes involved in writing sonnets, which he discusses with Mallarme.
Renior suffers from athritis. Has an attack of facial paralysis.

1889

(January) John Singer Sargent and Monet start a subscription fund so that Manet's "Olympia" will not be acquired by an American collector.
(February) Salon of the XX in Brussels. Participants include Pissarro, Monet (4), Seurat (12 - six were seascapes of Port-en-Bressin).
(February) Exhibition of 20 works by Monet at Goupil gallery in London. Monet visits poet Rollinat at Fresselines in the Creuse valley in central France.
(March - May) Monet returns to Creuse to paint, staying in Fresselines with the poet Maurice Rollinat.
(May 21) Monet exhibits 3 paintings in the Universal Exposition in Paris.
(June) Monet has largest and most successful retrospective to date. Organized by George Petit Gallery to be in tandem with Rodin exhibition.
Seurat stay in Crotoy.
(September) Degas travels with Giovanni Boldini to Madrid, Spain, visiting the Prado, and then on to Morocco.
(Autumn) Monet organizes a private subscription to buy Manet's "Olympia" for the Louvre.
(October) Seurat moves to 39, Passage of the Elysee-des-Beau-Arts without telling anyone, including his mother and friends, of his move.
15 works by Manet are exhibited at the Universal Exhibition.
Degas declines the offer of an exhibit room for his pictures in the Universal Exhibition.
Degas visits Cauterets for a second time.
Pissarro's mother dies at age 94.
Degas makes less frequent trips to the opera.
Degas exhibits 2 lithographs at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Seurat meets Madeline Knoblock.

1890

(January) Pissarro sends an album of drawings "Les Turpitudes Socials" to his nieces in London.
(February) Monet writes to the Minister of Public Instruction and FIne Arts offering Manet's "Olympia" to the French nation. It is placed in the Luxembourg Museum.
(February 16) Seurat's son, Pierre Georges, is born.
(May - June) Pissarro stays to paint with his son, Lucien, in London.
(Summer) Seurat stays in Gravelines.
(September-October) Degas travels with sculptor friend Paul-Albert Bartholome from Paris to Dienay (Burgundy) in a carriage drawn by a white horse, a horse that Degas painted with black stripes for attention. They stay with friend Georges Jeanniot. Degas creates monotypes of the landscape. (see 1889???)
(November) Monet buys the house and property at Giverny and starts improvements on the garden, which will become his passion in his remaining years.
Pissarro has a solo show at Theo van Gogh's gallery and exhibits at the second Exposition des Pientres-graveurs held at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Cassatt attends Japanese exhibition with Degas at the Ecole Des Beaux Arts.
Cassatt rents a studio at Chateau Bachivillers in Oise near Paris to work on Lithographs. Set up etching press to print ten aquatint prints.
Degas moves to a new studio at 37, rue Victor-Masse' in Montmartre where he will work for the next 22 years. Also move to a new apartment in nearby rue de Boulogne (later rue Ballu). By 1897, he will work and live at 37, rue Victor-Masse. Begins experimenting in photography. Begins collecting old master artworks to include: Ingres, Delacroix, Corot, Daumier, Gavarni, Manet, Pissarro, Cezanne, Gauguin, and Van Gogh. Continued to encourage younger artists including: Suzanne Valadon, Charles Maurin, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Rupert Carabin, and William Rothenstien.
Monet begins "Poplars" series on the banks of the Epte river.
Van Gogh dies at Auvers-sur-Oise. He was 37.
Renior marries Aline Charigot.
Degas creates his first landscape monotypes.
Degas travels to Brussels and Normandy. Journeys to Cauterets, Pau, and Geneva, returning to Paris after a brief visit in Dienay in Burgundy.

1891

(February) Pissarro is invited to exhibit at the Salon of the XX in Brussels (??? see 1887).
(February 2) Seurat attends a banquet in honor of Symbolism and of Jean Moreas.
(March 18) Death of Ernest Hoschede, Alice Hoschede's husband.
(March 29) Seurat dies at 32 from an infectious angina or diphtheria attack. Buried on March 31 at Pere Lachaise cemetery.
(April) Cassatt holds solo show at Durand Ruel's gallery in Paris.
(May) Pissarro visits the exhibition of Monet's "Grainstacks" at Durand-Ruel's gallery (??? See Haystacks below).
(Summer) Cassatt at Chateau Bachivillers.
(December) Cassatt's father dies.
Degas has a solo show of landscape monotypes at the Galerie Durand-Ruel. (???)
Gauguin's work sold at an auction at the Hotel Drouot.
Monet paints the Haystack and Poplar series (??? see May above - how could Pissarro visit exhibition if Monet was painting them at this time?).
Jongkind dies.
Guillaumin wins a National Lottery, which enables him to concentrate on his painting and to move regularly between Agay, Crozant, and Saint-Palais-sur-Mer.
Renior stays with Berthe Morisot in Mesy.
Berthe Morisot dies. She was 54. (see 1895)
Degas sees an oculist, Dr. Landolt, about his poor eyesight.

1892

(February) Monet begins "Cathedrals" series.
(February 29) Monet exhibits 15 works, including 6 "Poplars" at the Durand-Ruel Gallery, Paris.
(May - August) Pissarro visits Lucien in London. Attends marriage of Lucien to Esther Bensusan.
(July 16) Monet marries Alice Hoschede.
(July 20) Monet's stepdaughter, Suzanne, marries American painter, Theodore Butler.
(September - October) Degas landscape monotypes exhibited at Durand-Ruel Gallery, Paris (??? are these the same as below?)
(November) Monet is passed over for nomination as a muralist for Paris City Hall.
(November - December) Pissarro stays at the Hotel/Restaurant Garnier in Paris, opposite the Gare Saint-Lazare and starts his first Paris series of paintings.
(December) Pissarro, Georges marries Esther Isaacson.
Cassatt begins work on mural project for Woman's Building of the 1890 World's Fair in Chicago.
Cassatt buys Chateau de Beaufresne as permanent summer residence.
Degas travels to the country with Bartholome. Creates a series of landscapes from memory (see 1890???).
Degas travels extensively stopping at Pau, Switzerland, Belgium, and Normandy.
Pissarro disapproves of anarchist outrages, but supports families of arrested and exiled anarchists.
Pissarro creates Kew series.
Pissarro retrospective at Durand-Ruel's gallery is a huge success..
Renior travels to Spain with Gallimard and admires the work of Velasquez.
Renior has a retrospective exhibit of 110 works set up by Durand-Ruel.
Manet's brother, Eugene (Morisot's husband) dies.
Degas begins wearing special spectacles prescribed by Dr. Landolt.
Degas stops attending the opera.

1893

(January) Monet paints the frozen Seine river.
(January - March) Pissarro continues painting Paris series from the Hotel/Restaurant Garnier. Completing the first four paintings of the series. Two of which are included in his solo show of 41 works at Durand-Ruel's gallery in March.
(February 5) Monet buys land across railroad tracks where he will create a water garden after townspeople objections of exotic flowers are laid to rest.
(February - March) Monet return to Rouen to continue "Cathedral" series.
(March) Pissarro has a solo show of 41 works at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(May 1) Monet is included in Chicago World's Fair exhibition of foreign artists in American collections.
(November/December) Cassatt has a large one-woman show a Durand-Ruel, Paris.
Degas shows a series of landscapes (??? are these from 1892?).
Degas' eyesight continues to worsen and works with great difficulty.
Opening of Vollard Gallery in Paris.
Manet's "Olympia" is finally accepted by the Louvre.
Renior travels to Pont-Aven in Brittany.
Pissarro meets Toulouse-Lautrec.
Pissarro has an eye operation.
Mixed exhibition at Camentron gallery includes several pictures by Degas.
Degas travels to Switzerland, Carpentras, and Dienay.
Degas exhibits "Absinthe" in London admidst controversy.
Durand-Ruel buys paintings from Pissarro for 23,000 francs.

1894

(January) Pissarro buys his first printing press and installs it at Eragny. Establishes contact with Ambroise Vollard.
(February 21) Gustave Caillebotte dies at age 46. Retrospective of 122 works is held in June at Durand-Reul's gallery. His bequest to France of his collection of Impressionist paintings causes bitter controversy that recalls the public outrage in 1874 (16 works by Monet). Art to go to the Luxembourg Museum. Manet's "Angelina" and "The Balcony" are accepted but the "Game of Croquet" and "The Races" are rejected.
(February - March) Pissarro is invited to exhibit at La Libre esthetique in Brussels.
(April) Durand-Ruel is reluctant to pay 15,000 francs, Monet's price for each "Cathedral", but the collector Camondo buys four.
Cassatt, Cezanne, Rodin, Clemenceau, and Geffroy visit Monet at Giverny. Cezanne stays at the Hotel Baudy and is introduced to Rodin, Clemenceau, and Geffroy by Monet (Not sure if Cezanne knew Cassatt at that time???).
Sisley travels to Normandy.
Degas landscape monotypes are redisplayed at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Renior's second son, Jean, is born.
Monet starts digging out the lilypond.
Pissarro stays in Belgium while 30 anarchists stand trial in France.
Dreyfus condemned to life in prison.
Pissarro exhibits nearly 100 works at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Pictures by Degas are included in a loan exhibition in Cleveland.
Important articles on Degas are published by Duret and Geffroy.

1895

(January - April) Monet visits his stepson Jacques Hoschede at Sandviken, Norway, near Oslo.
(February - April) Pissarro is invited to exhibit at La Libre esthetique in Brussels.
(April) Cassatt has a large solo show at Durand-Ruel gallery in New York.
(May 10) Exhibitiion of 50 paintings by Monet, including 20 of the "Cathedral" series at Durand-Ruel's gallery. Begins "Water Lilies" in garden at Giverny.
(May) Pissarro visits Monet's "Rouen Cathedral Series" at Durand-Ruel's gallery. Also visits Corot's Centennial exhibition.
(October) Cassatt's mother dies.
Monet begins using the Japanese bridge in his garden as a motif.
Berthe Morisot dies of pneumonia at age 54. She bequeths her paintings to Degas, Monet, and Renior.
Gauguin's work sold at an auction at the Hotel Drouot.
Degas buys eight works by Gauguin and Delacroix's portrait of Baron Schwiter (are these from auction???)
Degas experiments with photography during a rest/cure at Mont-Dore in the Auvergne.
Sisley, an Englishman, asks French government for French citizenship and is denied.
Display of Degas photographs at Tasset et Lhote.
Degas visits Saint-Valery-sur-Somme.

1896

(January 29 - March 29) Pissarro stays at the Hotel de Paris in Rouen and begins his "Rouen Series" completing 12 paintings.
(February -March) Monet paints previous motifs at Varengeville, Pourville, Dieppe (Normandy).
(March 9) Exhibition of Monet's "Cathedrals" in New York. Monet begins "Mornings on the Seine" series.
(April) State accepts only 40 works from Caillebotte bequest, including 8 by Monet, for the modern art museum at the Luxembourg Palace.
(September 8 - November 12) Pissarro returns to Rouen staying at the Hotel de l'Angleterre and completes a futher 29 paintings for the "Rouen Series".
(October - December) Monet's work are exhibited in Berlin.
(November 5) Opening of "A Loan Exhibition (First Annual Exhibition) at the Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh. 2 works by Degas.
Renior travels to Bayrueth. Exhibit at Durand-Ruel's gallery of "Mr. Caillebotte's Children - The Family of the Artist".
Degas has seven works accepted by the Musee du Luxembourg as part of the Caillebotte legacy.
Degas buys works by Van Gogh and Cezanne, and Ingres's portrait of M. and Mme Leblanc.

1897

(January) Pissarro returns to the Hotel/Restaurant Garnier and completes the "Gare Saint Lazare" series.
(January) Monet paints at Pourville. Continues "Mornings on the Seine" series.
(February 10 - ??) Pissarro stays at the Hotel de Russie, 1 Rue Drouot, and creates his "Boulevard Montmartre" series (including the sub-series of the Boulevard des Italians).
(March) Pissarro exhibits 42 works, some of which are from the first Rouen series, at Durand-Ruel's gallery in New York.
(March) Controversy over installation of Caillibotte's bequest at Luxembourg Museum (see April???).
(April) Exhibition of Caillebotte bequest at the Musee du Luxembourg (see March???).
(May - July) Pissarro stays in London with Lucien, who is ill. Paints landscapes of Bedford Park.
(August) Monet shows earliest studies of "Water Lilies"to reporter Maurice Guillemot.
(November - January 1, 1898) Pissarro has work included in the 2nd International Exposition, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh.
(November 27) Pissarro's son, Felix, dies of tuberculosis in London.
Degas copies Matengna's "Virtues Victorious over the Vices" in the Louvre with Ernest Rouart.
Degas visits Montauban with Bartholome to study Ingres's drawings.
Degas breaks with Halevy family over Dreyfus Affair. Extreme anti-semitism.
Sisley travels to Wales.
Renior buys a house at Essoyes, in Aube region, where he will spend the summer months.
Degas breaks ties with his Jewish friends, including Ludovic Halevy, as the Dreyfus affair reaches its height.
Sisley has an unsuccessful show at George Petit gallery.

1898

(January 2 - April 28) Pissarro stays at the Hotel du Louvre in Paris and creates his "Avenue de l'Opera" series.
(June 1) Monet has a major solo exhibition at the Georges Petit gallery with 61 works, including 18 "Mornings on the Seine".
(June) Pissarro has a solo show at Durand-Ruel's gallery that includes works from the "Avenue de l'Opera" series.
(July 22 - October 17) Pissarro returns to the Hotel d'Angleterre in Rouen where he completes his Rouen series.
Cezanne returns to Paris.
(Fall) Cassatt visit's America for the first time since 1871. Creates children's portraits of family and friends.
(Autumn) Cezanne return to Paris.
(November - January 1, 1899) Pissarro has two paintings included in the 3rd International Exposition, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh.
Sisley's health is failing.
Degas stays with a friend at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme.
Degas begins to live in seclusion, almost blind.
Pissarro expresses great concern and is troubled over the Dreyfus Affair.
Boudin dies.
Pissarro visits Rembrandt exhibition in Amsterdam (see Renior below???).
Renior travels to Holland and Amsterdam, where he admires the work of Rembrandt. First acute crisis of rheumetoid arthritis.
Cezanne works in and around Aix.
Renior, Pissarro, Sisley, and Monet exihibit jointly at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Renior sells his Degas painting, "The Dance Lesson" as their friendship drifts further apart.

1899

(January) Pissarro works in Paris.
(January 29) Alfred Sisley dies in Moret-sur-Loing from cancer of the throat.
(March) Cassatt returns to Paris. Cassatt's brother, Alexander, becomes president of the Pennsylvania Railroad.
(March - April) Pissarro has a solo show at Bernhiem's gallery.
(April) Works by Pissarro, Monet, Renior, Sisley, and Corot are exhibited at Durand-Ruel's galleries.
(Summer) Monet paints water garden canvases.
(Autumn) Pissarro works in Varengeville and Moret.
(Autumn) Monet begins to paint views of the Thames river from a room in the Savoy Hotel in London.
(Autumn) Cezanne returns to Aix.
(November) Pissarro rents an apartment at 204 Rue de Rivoli and begins painting his "Tuileries Gardens" series (through November 1900).
(November - December) Pissarro work is included in the 4th International Exposition, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh.
(Winter) Renior rests in the south at Cagnes-sur-mer.
Degas stays with his family at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme.
Renior is treated for rheumatism at Cagnes and Aixles-Bains.
Monet exhibits at Georges Petit gallery, Durand-Ruel gallery, and the Lotus Club in New York.
Exhibition of works by Renior, Pissarro, Monet, and Rodin at the New Gallery in London.

1900

(February - April) Monet return to London to continue painting the Thames river.
(April - October) Pissarro has work included in the Exposition Centennale (Universal Exhibition) show called "100 Years of French Art". Degas' work is also included against his wishes. 11 paintings by Renior.
(Summer) Monet temporarily loses sight in one eye after an accident. Slow s progress on garden paintings. Paints at Vetheuil. Has a solo exhibit at Durand-Ruel gallery that includes 13 water garden paintings.
(November) Pissarro moves to 28 Place Dauphine, from where between the end of the year and November 1903, he starts his "Square du Vert-Galant" and "Pont-Neuf" series.
(Winter) Renior stays at Magagnose.
Renior exhibits 68 works at a solo show at Bernheim-Jeune, Paris.
Felix Feneon organizes a Seurat retrospective at La Revue blanche where 64 artworks were exhibited.
Monet paints several views of the Japanese bridge in his garden.
(November) Pissarro completes Tuileries Gardens series.
Renior stays in Grasse.
Renior and Monet have a joint exhibition at Durand-Ruel's gallery in New York.
Renior is granted the Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur.

1901

(February - April) Monet stays in London, where he collapses from overworking.
(February) Cassatt take an extended trip through Italy and Spain advising Mr. and Mrs. H.O. Havemeyer to buy paintings, particularly Goya and El Greco.
(July - September) Pissarro stays at the Hotel du Commerce in Dieppe where he starts his "Church of Saint-Jacques" series.
(November 7) Opening of "A Loan Exhibition (Sixth Annual Exhibition) at the Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh. Show includes Degas "Racecourse".
(November) Monet diverts the Epte river through his pond so his rare plants will thrive.
Pissarro continues to work on his "Square du Vert-Galant" series.
Monet continues work on Vetheuil paintings.
Toulouse-Lautrec dies.
Renior exhibits 23 works at a mixed show at Paul Cassirer, Berlin.
Pissarro exhibits at Durand-Ruel's.
Cezanne buys land on the chemin des Lauves to build a studio.
Renior's third son, Claude (Coco), is born. Renior often uses him as a model.

1902

(February 20) Bernheim-Jeune gallery exhibits recent works by Monet and Pissarro, including Monet's 6 new views of Vetheuil.
(April) Pissarro exhibits Dieppe and Paris series paintings in an exhibit with Monet at Bernhiem's gallery.
(July - September) Pissarro stays again at the Hotel du Commerce in Dieppe and continues to paint series paintings. He also rents a room at 7 Arcades de la Poissonnerie and creates his "Dieppe: The Harbours" series.
(November 6) Opening of "A Loan Exhibition (Seventh Annual Exhibition) at the Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh. Durand-Ruel lends 4 works by Degas.
(December) Pissarro decides to retain all his Dieppe paintings since both Durand-Ruel and Berhiem have offered to buy them for too low prices.
Monet begins paintings "Water Lilies" series.
Emile Zola dies.
Cezanne exhibits with 3 paintings at the Salon des Independants.
Renior settles and works in Le Cannet with Andre. New crisis of rheumatisms.
Renior exhibits 40 works at Durand-Ruel's.
Renior discovers 2 forgeries of his work in Durand-Ruel's collection.

1903

(January) Pissarro's Dieppe series paintings are bought by F. Gerard et fils and other dealers.
(March 13 - May) Pissarro stays at the Hotel du Quai Voltaire and paints his "Quai Voltaire" series.
(July 3) Pissarro returns to Dieppe with the intentiion of starting a third Dieppe series, but abandons the idea.
(July 10 - September 26) Pissarro stays in Le Havre and paints his final series there.
(October) Pissarro returns to Paris and stays at the Hotel du Quai Voltaire where he completes the "Quai Voltaire" series. He takes ill there and is moved by ambulance to 1 Boulevard Morland.
(November 13) Pissarro dies at 1 Boulevard Morland and is buried in the Cemetry of Pere-Lachaise, Paris. He was 73.
Pissarro and Cassatt have solo shows at Durand-Ruel gallery in New York.
Degas casts three wax sculptures in plaster.
Monet paints his London scenes from memory at Giverny.
Guillaumin travels to Holland.
Renior spends winter in Cagnes and summer in Essoyes.
Cezanne exhibits 7 paintings at the Secession in Vienna and 3 in Berlin.
Gauguin dies at Atuana, Marquesas Islands.

1904

(April) Major retrospective of 130 of Pissaro's works is held at Durand-Ruel's galleries. A catalog introduction is written by Octave Mirbeau.
(May 9) Monet exhibits 37 views of London at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(October) Monet travels with his wife to Madrid by automobile to see the treasures of the Prado Museum.
(November 15) The "Camparitive Exhibition of Native and Foreign Art" opens at the American Fine Arts Society, New York. Durand-Ruel lends 2 works by Degas including "Racehorses".
Cassatt made Chevalier of the Legion of Honor.
Degas' "Half-Length Dancer" is entered in Kunsthalle, Bremen.
Monet travels to Madrid and studies the paintings of Velasquez.
Guillaumin travels to Holland.
Renior's poor condition accelerates.
Degas visits Les Vosges.
Renior exhibits 12 works at La Libre Esthetique in Brussels and at the Salon d'Automne in Paris.
Cezanne is visited by Emile Bernard who is preparing an article on him.
Cezanne exhibits 9 works at La Libre Esthetique. Has a solo show at Paul Cassirer in Berlin.

1905

(January - February) Durand-Ruel organizes a large exhibition of Impressionist paintings at the Grafton Galleries in London. 55 by Monet. 59 by Renior. 35 by Degas (Among the works exhibited are "The Races: Before the Start", "Carriage at the Races", and "Horses in the Meadows".
Renior exhibits 9 works at the Salon d'Automne.
Cezanne is visited by Maurice Denis in Aix.
Cezanne exhibits 9 paintings at the Salon d'Automne.

1906

(February 12) "Works of Some French Impressionists " opens at the Art Association of Montreal. Durand-Ruel lends two works by Degas, one is "Racehorses".
(March) Manet's widow, Suzanne, dies.
(October 22) Cezanne dies in Aix. He was 67.
(December 28) Cassatt's brother, Alexander, dies.
Five works by Manet, including "Luncheon on the Grass (Le Dejeuner sur L'Herbe)" are presented to the Louvre by Moreau-Nelaton.
Cezanne exhibits 10 paintings at the Salon d'Automne.
Monet has slow progress on "Water Lilies" series with frequent repainting. He destroys some works in frustration. He postpones projected exhibition of the series.
Renior exhibits 5 paintings at the Salon d'Automne.
Renior spends year in Cagnes.

1907

(March) Cassatt has a solo show at Vollard's gallery, Paris.
(Summer) Cassatt take an auto tour of England and Scotland with brother Gardner.
(December) Degas has 7 pastels shown in "Modern Francia Nagymesterek Tarlata" at the Nemzeti Szalon, Budapest. Among them is one equestrian work, "Horse by a Riverside".
(4 December) Cassatt hears news that Mr. Havemeyer dies.
Monet discovers problem with his eyesight.
Clemenceau elected Premier. The state buys a "Rouen Cathedral" for the Luxembourg Museum. Monet influences a transfer of Manet's "Olympia" from the Luxembourg to the Louvre.
Huysmans dies.
Renior buys the ground Les Collettes in Cagnes, where he has his house built, surrounded by hundred-year-old olive-trees.
Renior's "Portrait of Mme Charpentier and Her Children" is bought by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
Monet burns 30 canvases (???).

1908

(Autumn) Monet takes a long working trip to Venice with his wife. Stays at Palazzo Barbaro, owned by Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Curtis, who are American friends of John Singer Sargent. He relocated to Hotel Britannia.
(Autumn) Cassatt makes last visit to America visiting her bother, Gardner, and family in Philadelphia.
(November) Cassatt has a solo show at Durand-Ruel, Paris.
Monet has bad health and eye problems (see 1907??? When did he discover his eye were going bad?
Cezanne retrospect exhibit is held.
Renoir carves a "Portrait of Coco" and "A Bust of Dancer".
Monet and Renior (41 works) have a joint exhibition at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Renior moves into his new house at Les Collettes.

1909

(February 24) Opening of "Exhibition of Paintings and Drawings by Degas" at Durand-Ruel's gallery in New York. Among the 18 works are "At the Racetrack" and "Racehorses".
(May 6 - June 5) Monet has 48 "Water Lilies" exhibited at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
(Autumn) Monet wants to return to Venice.
Monet's wife, Alice, becomes ill.
Renior spends year in Cagnes.

1910

(December) Cassatt begins an extended trip to Near East with her brother, Gardner. She spends Christmas in Constantinople.
(December 19-30) Degas "Racehorses" are included in a show at Bernhiem Jeune, Paris.
Monet makes improvements to water garden following flooding of the Seine.
Nadar dies.
Renior exhibits 37 works in a retrospective at the Venice Biennale.
Monet, Sisley, Pissarro, and Renior (35 works) exhibit together at Durand-Ruel.
Renior travels to Munich, Germany.

1911

(January - February) Cassatt is in Egypt. Gardner Cassatt seriously ill.
(March) Both Cassatt and Gardner return to Paris.
(5 April) Cassatt's brother, Gardner, dies. Cassatt stops working until 1912.
(May 19) Monet's second wife Alice dies at 66, plunging him into a long period of grief. Works on his Venetian paintings from memory.
(August) Monet had a solo exhibit of 45 paintings at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Degas attends Ingres exhibition at the Galerie Georges Petit - could hardly see the exhibit due to poor eyesight and rubs his hands along surfaces of canvases.
Degas has a ten day solo show of 12 works at Harvard University's Fogg Art Museum.
Monet eyesight deteriorates.
Renior in Paris and Cagnes.

1912

(January) Cassatt travels to Cannes.
(April-May) Renior has two exhibitions at Durand-Ruel, where 74 works are shown.
(May 28 - June 8) Monet exhibits 29 paintings of Venice at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery.
(June) Renior exhibits 58 portraits at Durand-Ruel's. Exhibits 41 works at Galerie Thannhauser, Munich, and Paul Cassirer, Berlin.
(June) Achille Segard begins Cassatt biography.
(July) Monet sees an eye specialist and is diagnosed with double cataracts.
(November) Cassatt rents Villa Angeletto, Grasse, near Cannes. Stayed during winter many years.
Degas life-long friend Henri Rouart dies. Degas' artwork fetches huge prices at the sale of Henri Rouart collection.
(December 10) Degas' "Dancers at the Bar" is sold at (Rouart?) auction to Mrs. Havemeyer for 430,000 francs, the highest price ever paid at auction for the work of a living artist. Degas replied, "I feel like a racehorse who has won a race and is given some oats".
Degas forced to move from his 20-year old studio in rue Victor-Masse as it is torn down. He is completely blind and probably ceases all work.
Renior health worsens. He applies strips on his paralysed fingers to enable him to hold his brushes. In spite of that, his work remains of great quality.
Meier-Graefe's monograph on Renoir is published.
Renior's rheumatism prevents use of studio in Cagnes; confined to wheelchair following a stroke.

1913

(February 17) Opening of the Armory Show in New York. Degas has 3 works exhibited.
(November) Degas has 29 works shown at the "Degas/Cezanne" exhibit at the galleries of Paul Cassirer, Berlin.
Monet visits St. Moritz, Switzerland.
Cassatt produces last works in pastel as eyesight begins to fail.
Renior exhibits 52 works in a solo show at Bernheim-Jeune.
Renior is introduced, by Vollard, to artist Richard Guino, a pupil of Maillol, to him to allow him to conclude his projects of sculpture. A true communion of spirit is established between the two artists, Renoir finds back all his creativity, served by the talent and sensitivity of Guino.

1914

(February 10) Monet's son, Jean, dies after a protracted illness. Blanche Hoschede, Jean's widow and Monet's stepdaughter, becomes his permanent housekeeper and confidante.
(June) Monet's works put on view at the Louvre as part of the Camondo bequest.
(June) Cassatt has a solo show at Durand-Ruel, Paris.
(August) World War I begins.
(August) Cassatt closes Chateau de Beaufresne and moves to Paris and Grasse during most of the war. Michel Monet and Monet's step-son-in-laws join the ranks.
Encouraged by Clemenceau, Monet begins a series of mural-size versions of Water-Lilies. To accommodate the large canvases, Monet begins construction of a large third studio (23m x 12m) at Giverny. The "Water-Lilies" will be a project that lasts until his death in 1926 (see 1915???).
Renior exhibits 30 works at Durand-Ruel's in New York.
Renior stays in Paris and Cagnes.
Renior's sons, Pierre and Jean, are wounded in combat.

1915

(June 27) Renior's wife, Aline, dies. In honor of her, he paints "A bunch of Roses".
Supported by Guino, Renior gets involved in creating great sculptures.
Cassatt and Degas participate in Suffrage Loan Exhibition, New York that is organized by Mrs. Havemeyer.
(October) Cassatt has first operation on cataracts.
Renior in Cagnes and Paris.
Monet begins building a third studio to accommodate mural-sized water-lily decorations (see 1914???).

1916

(Summer) Renior stays in Essoyes.
Monet completes new studio and works on mural decorations.
Rodin's gift of hie studio/home, the Hotel Biron, is accepted by the State as a museum for his sculptures.
Renior exhibits 26 works in Winterthur, Switzerland.
Renior spends year in Cagnes.

1917

(September 27) Degas dies at age 83 from cerebral congestion (stroke). Funeral at Saint-Jean-l'Evangeliste, Paris. Cassatt, Forain, Gervex, Bonnat, Batholome, Zandomenghi, Joeseph and George Durand-Ruel, Claude Monet and others attend funeral. He is buried in the family vault.
(October) Monet visits Le Havre, Honfluer, Etretat, and other Normandy coast sites familiar from his youth. (Wonder if Degas' death had an influence on this?)
(December) Cassatt has operation on cataracts in right eye.
Monet paints three self portraits, destroys two, and gives the remaining one to Clemenceau.
Monet continues work on mural decorations.
Renior exhibits 18 works at Durand-Ruel's and 60 works in a modern French art exhibition in Kunsthaus, Zurich.

1918

(November 11) Armistice.
(November 18) Clemenceau and Geffroy visit Giverny to persuade Monet to offer his still unfinished Water-Lilie murals to the state.
Renior's health is failing and divides year between Nice and Cagnes.
Renior exhibits 28 works at Durand-Ruel's.

1919

(October) Cassatt has third cataract operation.
(December 3) Renoir dies of pneumonia in Cagnes. He was 78.
Monet's eyesight continues to deteriorate. He fears an operation will leave him completely blind.
Monograph about Renior is published by Albert Andre.
Renior exhibits 35 work at Durand-Ruel's gallery.
Renior appointed Commandeur de la Legion d'Honneur.
Renior visits the Louvre, where his painting, "Mrs. Charpentier" is exhibited.

1920

Cassatt reopens Chateau de Beaufresne with relatives and friends welcome.
(January 17) Clemenceau defeated in his bid for President.
(October 15) Official announcement of Monet's intention to donate 12 large "Water-Lilies" to the State. Negotiations are for a pavilion is to be erected for them in the gardens of the Hotel Biron (Rodin Museum).
Monet refuse nomination in the prestigious Institut de France.

1921

(January 21 - February 2) A Monet retrospective exhibition is held at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery.
(February 8) French State buys "Women in the Garden" from Monet for 200,000 francs.
(November) Cassatt has final cataract operation, which is unsuccessful. She is nearly completely blind.
State refuses to fund Hotel Biron pavilion for Monet's murals and offers space in the Orangerie des Tuileries instead.

1922

(April 12) Monet signs an official agreement to submit his gift to the State in April 1924. Almost blind by the cataracts, he feels pressed by this deadline to continue work on the murals.
Durand-Ruel dies.

1923

(January) Monet has an operation that partially restores sight in right eye.
(July) Monet has second operation on right eye.
Cassatt break ties with Mrs. Havemeyer over reprinting of old drypoint plates.

1924

(January) Monet has a large retrospective exhibition at Georges Petit gallery.
(February) Durand-Ruel exhibits recent "Water-Lilies" paintings in New York. (I'm guessing that the gallery keot going after Durand-Ruel's death in 1923? Also, were these studies for the "Water-Lilies" mural.
Clemenceau arranges an extension of deadline for completion of Water-Lily murals and Monet get corrective glasses.

1925

Monet delays delivery of murals to State for final attempt to complete them satistfactorily with the aid of eyeglasses.

1926

(14 June) Cassatt dies, Chateau de Beaufresne.
Monet has severe respiratory illness, believed to be lung cancer.
(5 December) Monet dies at noon at Giverny. His friend Georges Clemenceau was by his side and attends his small funeral ceremony. He was 86.

1927

(May 17) Monet's "Water-Lilies" mural is dedicated to the State in the Orangerie.
Guillaumin dies at the age of 86.

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